Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China.
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Feb 1;15(4):5644-5656. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c19696. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
We report a method to construct ordered hierarchical porous structures in carbon nanofiber membranes using poly(ethylene oxide)--polydimethylsiloxane bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) as templates. The BBCPs self-assemble into a spherical morphology driven by small-molecule hydrogen bond donors which act as bridges between carbon precursors and templates to promote uniform dispersion of the templates. We successfully obtained flexible, self-supporting, and porous carbon nanofiber membranes (PCNFs) with high porosity. Then, a supercapacitor electrode was independently prepared using PCNFs as an active substance without infiltrating any conductive agents or binders. The PCNFs exhibit excellent performance with a capacitance of 234.1 F g at a current density of 1 A g owing to the abundant hierarchical porous structures and high content of nitrogen and oxygen elements internally. The aqueous symmetric supercapacitor prepared using PCNFs electrodes maintains more than 95% capacitance retention after 55,000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, the capacitance retention reaches up to 67.72% at a current density of 50 A g (compared to 1 A g), exhibiting excellent cycling stability and rate capability. Based on the excellent electrochemical performance and flexible self-supporting ability of PCNFs, this work is expected to facilitate the development of flexible displays, flexible sensors, wearable devices, and electrocatalysis.
我们报告了一种使用聚（氧化乙烯）-聚二甲基硅氧烷梳状嵌段共聚物（BBCP）作为模板构建有序分级多孔结构的碳纤维膜的方法。BBCP 自组装成球形形态，由小分子氢键供体驱动，这些供体在碳前体和模板之间充当桥梁，以促进模板的均匀分散。我们成功地获得了具有高孔隙率的柔性、自支撑和多孔碳纤维膜（PCNFs）。然后，使用 PCNFs 作为活性物质，独立制备了超级电容器电极，而无需渗透任何导电剂或粘结剂。PCNFs 表现出出色的性能，在电流密度为 1 A g 时具有 234.1 F g 的电容，这归因于丰富的分级多孔结构和内部高含量的氮和氧元素。使用 PCNFs 电极制备的水系对称超级电容器在经过 55000 次充放电循环后保持超过 95%的电容保持率。此外，在 50 A g 的电流密度下（与 1 A g 相比），电容保持率高达 67.72%，表现出优异的循环稳定性和倍率性能。基于 PCNFs 的优异电化学性能和柔性自支撑能力，这项工作有望促进柔性显示器、柔性传感器、可穿戴设备和电催化的发展。
