Andreeva E N, Sheremetyeva E V
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Endocrinology Research Centre.
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2022 Nov 30;68(6):157-163. doi: 10.14341/probl13198.
Studies of recent decades show a steady increase in the average life expectancy of a person, and women in particular. The World Health Organization predicts a four-fold increase in the number of women over 70 by 2030, and many of them over the age of 45 may face menopausal problems. Menopause is a physiological state in a woman's life, during which, against the background of age-related changes, there is a gradual decrease and shutdown of ovarian function and the cessation of estrogen production. Genitourinary syndrome occurs in every third woman in this period. Estriol is the main estrogen that specifically addresses problems associated with estrogen deficiency: dyspareunia, dryness and itching in the vagina and lower genitourinary tract, urinary incontinence, moderate urinary incontinence, and recurrent vulvovaginitis and cystitis. Vulvovaginal dystrophy in women of the older age group is a multidisciplinary problem at the intersection of gynecology, urology and dermatology, which can and should be solved to prevent more severe gynecological and urological pathologies.
近几十年的研究表明,人均预期寿命稳步增长,女性尤为明显。世界卫生组织预测,到2030年,70岁以上女性的数量将增加四倍,其中许多45岁以上的女性可能会面临更年期问题。更年期是女性生命中的一种生理状态,在此期间,在与年龄相关的变化背景下,卵巢功能逐渐下降并停止,雌激素分泌停止。在此期间,每三名女性中就有一名会出现泌尿生殖综合征。雌三醇是主要的雌激素,专门解决与雌激素缺乏相关的问题:性交困难、阴道及下泌尿生殖道干燥和瘙痒、尿失禁、中度尿失禁、复发性外阴阴道炎和膀胱炎。老年女性的外阴阴道营养不良是一个涉及妇科、泌尿科和皮肤科的多学科问题,可以而且应该加以解决,以预防更严重的妇科和泌尿科疾病。