微小 RNA-21：糖尿病视网膜病变中被严重低估的关键分子。

MicroRNA-21: A critical underestimated molecule in diabetic retinopathy.

机构信息

Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

出版信息

Gene. 2023 Apr 5;859:147212. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147212. Epub 2023 Jan 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2023.147212

PMID:36690226

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has grown in attention in recent years as a result of its debilitating complications and chronic disabilities. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic microvascular complication of DM and is considered as the primary reason for blindness in adults. Early diagnosis of diabetes complications along with targeted therapy options are critical in avoiding morbidity and mortality associated with complications of diabetes. miR-21 is an important and widely studied non-coding-RNA (ncRNA) with considerable roles in various pathologic conditions including diabetic complications. miR-21 is one of the most elevated miRNAs in response to hyperglycemia and its role in angiogenesis is a major culprit of a wide range of disorders including DR. The main role of miR-21 in DR pathophysiology is believed to be through regulating angiogenesis in retina. This article aims to outline miR-21 biogenesis and distribution in human body along with discussions about its role in DR pathogenesis and its biomarker value in order to facilitate understanding of the new characteristics of miR-21 in DR management.

摘要

近年来，由于其致残性并发症和慢性残疾，糖尿病（DM）受到了越来越多的关注。糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是 DM 的一种慢性微血管并发症，被认为是成年人失明的主要原因。早期诊断糖尿病并发症并选择针对性的治疗方案对于避免与糖尿病并发症相关的发病率和死亡率至关重要。miR-21 是一种重要且广泛研究的非编码 RNA（ncRNA），在包括糖尿病并发症在内的各种病理状态中具有相当大的作用。miR-21 是对高血糖反应最强烈的 miRNA 之一，其在血管生成中的作用是广泛疾病的主要罪魁祸首，包括 DR。miR-21 在 DR 病理生理学中的主要作用被认为是通过调节视网膜中的血管生成。本文旨在概述 miR-21 在人体内的生物发生和分布，以及讨论其在 DR 发病机制中的作用及其作为生物标志物的价值，以便更好地理解 miR-21 在 DR 管理中的新特征。