Delivery Room, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 9677 Jingshi Street, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 23;13(1):1240. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28477-4.
Competency is closely related to the occurrence of the behavior. Breastfeeding competence is the mastery of different breastfeeding factors which intervene in breastfeeding behavior. Breastfeeding competence could improve the breastfeeding behavior. However, few studies have paid attention to the status and the influencing factors of breastfeeding competency. The breastfeeding competency of pregnant women in third trimester pregnancy has the greatest impact on breastfeeding behavior after childbirth. Therefore, the objective of this study were to investigate the breastfeeding competency level and independent risk factors for breastfeeding competency among pregnant women in third trimester pregnancy. A cross-sectional survey method and convenience sampling method was used in the study. The general information questionnaire including age, gestational week, educational background, and so on were used to investigate the general information of pregnant women and their husbands. A breastfeeding competency scale (BCS) was used to investigate the breastfeeding competency of pregnant women. The total score of the BCS ranges from 38 to 190, with higher scores indicating greater breastfeeding competency. Lower level, medium level and higher level are 38-89, 90-140 and 141-190 respectively. Type-D Scale-14 (DS14) was used to investigate the type D personality of pregnant women. A multivariable linear regression was used to examine the independent predictors of breastfeeding competency. A total of 550 questionnaires were collected and finally 525 effective questionnaires were collected. The age of 525 pregnant women is (30.24 ± 3.954) years old. The breastfeeding competency score of pregnant women was (134 ± 19.741). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that higher breastfeeding competency in pregnant women were reported among pregnant women who gestational age ≥ 256 days (37 weeks) (B = 8.494, p < 0.001), the previous breastfeeding experience were exclusive breastfeeding (B = 17.384, p < 0.001) and partial breastfeeding (B = 16.878, p < 0.001), participating in pregnant women school 2-3 times (B = 10.968, p = 0.013) and ≥ 5 times (B = 13.731, p = 0.034). Pregnant women with lower breastfeeding competency were found in women who were judged to have type D personality (B = - 6.358, p < 0.001). The result can explain 25.8% of the variation in the total breastfeeding competency score. This should be considered an important issue by maternal and child health care in the medical system that the moderate level of breastfeeding capacity among pregnant women. Differentiated and targeted breastfeeding support and services for pregnant women should be carried out based on influencing factors of breastfeeding competency.
能力与行为的发生密切相关。母乳喂养能力是指掌握不同的母乳喂养因素，这些因素会干预母乳喂养行为。母乳喂养能力可以改善母乳喂养行为。然而，很少有研究关注母乳喂养能力的现状和影响因素。孕妇在妊娠晚期的母乳喂养能力对产后母乳喂养行为的影响最大。因此，本研究旨在调查妊娠晚期孕妇的母乳喂养能力水平和独立的母乳喂养能力危险因素。采用横断面调查方法和便利抽样方法。一般信息问卷包括年龄、孕周、教育背景等，用于调查孕妇及其丈夫的一般信息。使用母乳喂养能力量表（BCS）调查孕妇的母乳喂养能力。BCS 的总分范围为 38 至 190 分，得分越高表示母乳喂养能力越强。低水平、中水平和高水平分别为 38-89、90-140 和 141-190。使用 14 项型人格量表（DS14）调查孕妇的型人格。采用多变量线性回归分析探讨母乳喂养能力的独立预测因素。共收集了 550 份问卷，最终收集了 525 份有效问卷。525 名孕妇的年龄为（30.24±3.954）岁。孕妇的母乳喂养能力评分为（134±19.741）分。多变量线性回归分析显示，在妊娠 256 天（37 周）以上（B=8.494，p<0.001）、有纯母乳喂养（B=17.384，p<0.001）和部分母乳喂养（B=16.878，p<0.001）经验、参加孕妇学校 2-3 次（B=10.968，p=0.013）和≥5 次（B=13.731，p=0.034）的孕妇中，母乳喂养能力较高。具有 D 型人格的孕妇（B=-6.358，p<0.001）的母乳喂养能力较低。结果可以解释总母乳喂养能力评分变化的 25.8%。这应该是医疗系统中妇幼保健的一个重要问题，即孕妇的母乳喂养能力处于中等水平。应该根据母乳喂养能力的影响因素，对孕妇进行有针对性的母乳喂养支持和服务。
