Li Junying, Zhang Lan, Guo Nafei, Liu Ying, Jiang Hui
Nursing Department, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Outpatient Office, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Health Serv. 2024 Mar 7;4:1348888. doi: 10.3389/frhs.2024.1348888. eCollection 2024.
The promotion of breastfeeding is an important strategy to prevent neonatal death and improve maternal and infant health. But Chinese efforts to improve breastfeeding practices have not been particularly effective. There is still a long way to go to achieve the national health development goals. We aimed to explore the maternal demand for breastfeeding guarantee policy in China and to determine the impact of a range of socio-demographic and neonatal-related variables on breastfeeding guarantee policy demand.
The study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology hospital of Shanghai, one of China's earliest provincial and municipal maternal and child health care institutions. From June to November 2021, 1,292 women were recruited for the cross-sectional study in child health clinic. We collected relevant socio- demographic and neonatal-related data. Maternal breastfeeding needs were measured through a self-designed questionnaire on breastfeeding guarantee policy demands of mothers.
The mean score of breastfeeding guarantee policy demand was 4.42 ± 0.51. There were statistically significant differences in the effects of maternal age, education level, family income per capita (Yuan), medical payment type, baby age, work status, and current feeding methods on the demand for breastfeeding guarantee policies ( < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that higher education level ( = 4.437, < 0.001), baby age ( = 2.150, = 0.002), and current feeding methods ( = 2.754, = 0.005) were significantly associated with a higher demand for a breastfeeding guarantee policy, the effect of medical payment type is the most influencing factor ( = -7.369, < 0.001).
The maternal needs for breastfeeding guarantee policy are multi-faceted and urgent. In the process of improving and implementing policies, the government and relevant departments should take into account the actual needs of women who have different education levels, baby ages, family economics, and feeding methods.
促进母乳喂养是预防新生儿死亡和改善母婴健康的一项重要策略。但中国在改善母乳喂养实践方面的努力成效并不显著。要实现国家卫生发展目标仍有很长的路要走。我们旨在探讨中国母亲对母乳喂养保障政策的需求，并确定一系列社会人口学和新生儿相关变量对母乳喂养保障政策需求的影响。
本研究在上海第一妇婴保健院开展，该医院是中国最早的省市级妇幼保健机构之一。2021年6月至11月，在儿童健康门诊招募了1292名女性进行横断面研究。我们收集了相关的社会人口学和新生儿相关数据。通过自行设计的母亲母乳喂养保障政策需求问卷来衡量母亲的母乳喂养需求。
母乳喂养保障政策需求的平均得分为4.42±0.51。母亲年龄、教育水平、人均家庭收入（元）、医疗支付类型、婴儿年龄、工作状态和当前喂养方式对母乳喂养保障政策需求的影响存在统计学显著差异（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析表明，较高的教育水平（β=4.437，P<0.001）、婴儿年龄（β=2.150，P=0.002）和当前喂养方式（β=2.754，P=0.005）与更高的母乳喂养保障政策需求显著相关，医疗支付类型的影响是最主要因素（β=-7.369，P<0.001）。
母亲对母乳喂养保障政策的需求是多方面且迫切的。在政策的完善和实施过程中，政府及相关部门应考虑不同教育水平、婴儿年龄、家庭经济状况和喂养方式的女性的实际需求。
