Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2023 Apr;47(4):263-272. doi: 10.1038/s41366-023-01256-x. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
To estimate usual dietary intake (UDI), physical activity (PA), and their association with weight loss and body composition in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) after five years in the Federal District, Brazil.
We assessed anthropometry and body composition using bioimpedance, and dietary intake and PA with three nonconsecutive 24-h recalls. PC-Side was used to estimate UDI. Dietary patterns (DPs) were identified through principal component analysis, and association between UDI and PA with percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) and fat-free mass (FFM) through multinomial logistic regression.
Sample (n = 124) presented mean (SD) age of 48.9 (9.4) years, median (IQR) of 9 years (7-10) post RYGB, current BMI = 32.3 kg/m² (28.8-35.7), %TWL = 24.7% (10.9), and FFM = 45.1 kg (41.1-51.9). Mean usual energy intake of 1556 kcal/d, with adequate protein intake, poor fiber intake, and excessive carbohydrate, total fat, and added sugar intake, compared to dietary guidelines. Calcium, vitamins C, D, and E presented the greatest inadequacy (15%, 24%, 32%, and 49% of individuals, respectively, reported usual intake below EAR); 83 participants were considered active/very active, according PA. DP with high energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, and sodium intake, was negatively associated with %TWL (OR = 0.545, p = 0.037). Protein intake was positively associated with FFM (OR = 1.091, p = 0.004). PA was not associated with %TWL or FFM.
Participants demonstrated intake of carbohydrate, fat, fiber, added sugar not in accordance with guidelines. A DP rich in energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, and sodium appears to decrease TWL. However, protein intake appears to increase FFM.
评估巴西联邦区行 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路手术后五年患者的习惯性饮食摄入（UDI）、体力活动（PA）及其与减重和身体成分的关系。
我们使用生物电阻抗法评估人体测量和身体成分，使用三次非连续 24 小时回忆法评估饮食摄入和 PA。PC-Side 用于估计 UDI。通过主成分分析确定饮食模式（DP），通过多项逻辑回归分析 UDI 和 PA 与总减重百分比（%TWL）和去脂体重（FFM）的关系。
样本（n=124）平均（SD）年龄为 48.9（9.4）岁，Roux-en-Y 手术后中位数（IQR）为 9 年（7-10 年），当前 BMI 为 32.3kg/m²（28.8-35.7），%TWL 为 24.7%（10.9），FFM 为 45.1kg（41.1-51.9）。平均 UDI 为 1556kcal/d，与饮食指南相比，蛋白质摄入充足，纤维摄入不足，碳水化合物、总脂肪和添加糖摄入过多。与 EAR 相比，钙、维生素 C、D 和 E 的摄入量不足最大（分别有 15%、24%、32%和 49%的个体报告 UDI 低于 EAR）；根据 PA，83 名参与者被认为是活跃/非常活跃。高能量、蛋白质、总脂肪、饱和脂肪和钠摄入的 DP 与 %TWL 呈负相关（OR=0.545，p=0.037）。蛋白质摄入与 FFM 呈正相关（OR=1.091，p=0.004）。PA 与 %TWL 或 FFM 无相关性。
参与者的碳水化合物、脂肪、纤维和添加糖的摄入量不符合指南。富含能量、蛋白质、总脂肪、饱和脂肪和钠的 DP 似乎会降低 TWL。然而，蛋白质摄入似乎会增加 FFM。
