Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Nutr Neurosci. 2023 Feb;26(2):108-126. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.2020403. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
Findings of previous studies on relationship between dietary fiber intake and depression were inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis on the association of dietary fiber intake with depression and anxiety in epidemiologic studies.
We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases, up to May 2021. Data from 18 publications (12 cross-sectional, five cohort and one case-control studies) on dietary fiber consumption in relation to depression or anxiety were included. For depression, fifteen studies were conducted on adults and three others on adolescents. Anxiety was not included in the analysis, due to insufficient eligible studies.
Total dietary fiber intake was associated with a 10% lower odds of depression (OR = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86, 0.95) in adults and a 57% lower odds (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.59) in adolescents. Dose-response meta-analysis revealed an inverse linear association between total dietary fiber intake and odd of depression in adults; such that each 5-g increase in total dietary fiber intake was associated with a 5% reduction in risk of depression (OR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.97). An inverse significant association was observed between intake of fiber from vegetables (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.82) and soluble fiber (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.91) and odds of depression. However, cereal fiber, fiber from fruits and insoluble fiber were marginally associated with a reduction in having depression.
High intake of dietary fiber was protectively associated with depression in adults, in a dose-response fashion.
以往关于膳食纤维摄入量与抑郁症之间关系的研究结果并不一致。我们对流行病学研究中膳食纤维摄入量与抑郁症和焦虑症的关系进行了荟萃分析。
我们对电子数据库进行了系统检索，截至 2021 年 5 月。共纳入 18 项关于膳食纤维摄入量与抑郁或焦虑关系的研究（12 项横断面研究、5 项队列研究和 1 项病例对照研究）。关于抑郁，有 15 项研究针对成年人进行，另外 3 项研究针对青少年进行。由于合格研究不足，焦虑未纳入分析。
总膳食纤维摄入量与成年人患抑郁症的风险降低 10%相关（OR = 0.90；95%置信区间 [CI]：0.86，0.95），与青少年患抑郁症的风险降低 57%相关（OR = 0.43；95%CI：0.32，0.59）。剂量反应荟萃分析显示，成年人总膳食纤维摄入量与抑郁症发生风险之间呈负相关；即总膳食纤维摄入量每增加 5 克，患抑郁症的风险降低 5%（OR = 0.95；95%CI：0.94，0.97）。蔬菜纤维（OR = 0.73；95%CI：0.66，0.82）和可溶性纤维（OR = 0.80，95%CI：0.71，0.91）摄入量与抑郁症发生风险呈负相关，但具有统计学意义。然而，谷物纤维、水果纤维和不溶性纤维与降低患抑郁症的风险呈边缘相关。
高膳食纤维摄入量与成年人抑郁症呈剂量反应关系，具有保护作用。
