Bauer Andrea, Pesonen Maria, Brans Richard, Caroppo Francesca, Dickel Heinrich, Dugonik Aleksandra, Larese Filon Francesca, Geier Johannes, Gimenez-Arnau Ana M, Napolitano Maddalena, Patruno Cataldo, Rustemeyer Thomas, Simon Dagmar, Schuttelaar Marie L A, Spiewak Radoslaw, Stingeni Luca, Vok Marko, Weisshaar Elke, Wilkinson Mark, Valiukeviciene Skaidra, Uter Wolfgang
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.
Occupational Health Unit, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Contact Dermatitis. 2023 Apr;88(4):263-274. doi: 10.1111/cod.14280. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Occupational skin diseases have led the occupational disease statistics in Europe for many years. Especially occupational allergic contact dermatitis is associated with a poor prognosis and low healing rates leading to an enormous burden for the affected individual and for society.
To present the sensitization frequencies to the most relevant allergens of the European baseline series in patients with occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) and to compare sensitization profiles of different occupations.
The data of 16 022 patients considered having OCD after patch testing within the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA) network between January 2011 and December 2020 were evaluated. Patients (n = 46 652) in whom an occupational causation was refuted served as comparison group.
The highest percentages of OCD were found among patients working in agriculture, fishery and related workers, metal industry, chemical industry, followed by building and construction industry, health care, food and service industry. Sensitizations to rubber chemicals (thiurams, carbamates, benzothiazoles) and epoxy resins were associated with at least a doubled risk of OCD. After a decline from 2014 onwards, the risks to acquire an occupation-related sensitization to methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and especially to methylisothiazolinone (MI) seem to increase again. Sensitization rates to formaldehyde were stable, and to methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) slightly decreasing over time.
Among allergens in the European Baseline Series, occupational relevance is most frequently attributed to rubber accelerators, epoxy resins and preservatives.
职业性皮肤病多年来一直位居欧洲职业病统计榜首。尤其是职业性过敏性接触性皮炎预后较差且治愈率低，给患者个人和社会带来了巨大负担。
介绍职业性接触性皮炎（OCD）患者对欧洲基线系列中最相关变应原的致敏频率，并比较不同职业的致敏情况。
对2011年1月至2020年12月在欧洲接触性过敏监测系统（ESSCA）网络内进行斑贴试验后被认为患有OCD的16022例患者的数据进行评估。将排除职业性病因的46652例患者作为对照组。
在农业、渔业及相关工人、金属行业、化学工业工作的患者中，OCD的比例最高，其次是建筑行业、医疗保健、食品和服务业。对橡胶化学品（秋兰姆、氨基甲酸盐、苯并噻唑）和环氧树脂的致敏与患OCD的风险至少增加一倍有关。自2014年起呈下降趋势后，获得与职业相关的对甲基（氯）异噻唑啉酮（MCI/MI）尤其是对甲基异噻唑啉酮（MI）致敏的风险似乎再次上升。对甲醛的致敏率稳定，对甲基二溴戊二腈（MDBGN）的致敏率随时间略有下降。
在欧洲基线系列变应原中，职业相关性最常归因于橡胶促进剂、环氧树脂和防腐剂。
