Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland.
Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Mar;72(3):154-63. doi: 10.1111/cod.12333. Epub 2015 Jan 12.
Occupational contact dermatitis is one of the most common occupational diseases in Europe. In order to develop effective preventive measures, detailed and up-to-date data on the incidence, main causes and professions at risk of occupational contact dermatitis are needed.
To describe the pattern of patch test reactivity to allergens in the European baseline series of patients with occupational contact dermatitis in different occupations.
We analysed data collected by the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergy (ESSCA) network from 2002 to 2010, from 11 European countries.
Allergens in the European baseline series associated with an at least doubled risk of occupational contact dermatitis include: thiuram rubber chemical accelerators, epoxy resin, and the antimicrobials methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, methyldibromo glutaronitrile, and formaldehyde. The highest risk of occupational contact dermatitis was found in occupations classified as 'other personal services workers', which includes hairdressers, nursing and other healthcare professionals, precision workers in metal and related materials, and blacksmiths, tool-makers and related trades workers.
In the planning and implementation of measures aimed at preventing occupational contact dermatitis, the focus should be on the identified high-risk occupational groups and the most common occupational allergies.
职业性接触性皮炎是欧洲最常见的职业病之一。为了制定有效的预防措施，需要详细和最新的数据，了解职业性接触性皮炎的发病率、主要原因和高危职业。
描述不同职业接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验中过敏原反应模式。
我们分析了 2002 年至 2010 年期间，来自 11 个欧洲国家的欧洲接触性皮炎监测系统（ESSCA）网络收集的数据。
欧洲基本系列中与职业性接触性皮炎风险至少增加一倍相关的过敏原包括：噻唑烷橡胶化学促进剂、环氧树脂，以及抗菌剂甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮、甲二溴戊二腈和甲醛。职业性接触性皮炎风险最高的职业是被归类为“其他个人服务工作者”，其中包括理发师、护理和其他医疗保健专业人员、金属及相关材料的精密工人，以及铁匠、工具制造者和相关行业工人。
在规划和实施旨在预防职业性接触性皮炎的措施时，应重点关注已确定的高风险职业群体和最常见的职业性过敏。
