Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
College of Medicine - Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
Mol Imaging Biol. 2023 Aug;25(4):776-787. doi: 10.1007/s11307-023-01803-y. Epub 2023 Jan 25.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of machine learning-augmented MRI-based radiomics models for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in soft tissue sarcomas. METHODS: Forty-four subjects were identified retrospectively from patients who received NAC at our institution for pathologically proven soft tissue sarcomas. Only subjects who had both a baseline MRI prior to initiating chemotherapy and a post-treatment scan at least 2 months after initiating chemotherapy and prior to surgical resection were included. 3D ROIs were used to delineate whole-tumor volumes on pre- and post-treatment scans, from which 1708 radiomics features were extracted. Delta-radiomics features were calculated by subtraction of baseline from post-treatment values and used to distinguish treatment response through univariate analyses as well as machine learning-augmented radiomics analyses. RESULTS: Though only 4.74% of variables overall reached significance at p ≤ 0.05 in univariate analyses, Laws Texture Energy (LTE)-derived metrics represented 46.04% of all such features reaching statistical significance. ROC analyses similarly failed to predict NAC response, with AUCs of 0.40 (95% CI 0.22-0.58) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.26-0.62) for RF and AdaBoost, respectively. CONCLUSION: Overall, while our result was not able to separate NAC responders from non-responders, our analyses did identify a subset of LTE-derived metrics that show promise for further investigations. Future studies will likely benefit from larger sample size constructions so as to avoid the need for data filtering and feature selection techniques, which have the potential to significantly bias the machine learning procedures.
目的:评估基于机器学习增强 MRI 的放射组学模型预测软组织肉瘤新辅助化疗(NAC)反应的性能。
方法:从在我院接受 NAC 治疗的病理证实的软组织肉瘤患者中回顾性确定了 44 名受试者。仅纳入在开始化疗前具有基线 MRI 且在开始化疗后至少 2 个月和手术切除前具有治疗后扫描的受试者。使用 3D ROI 在前治疗和后治疗扫描上描绘整个肿瘤体积,从中提取 1708 个放射组学特征。通过从治疗后值中减去基线值来计算 delta-radiomics 特征,并通过单变量分析以及机器学习增强放射组学分析来区分治疗反应。
结果:尽管单变量分析中整体只有 4.74%的变量达到 p≤0.05 的显著性水平,但 Laws 纹理能量(LTE)衍生指标代表了达到统计学显著性的所有此类特征的 46.04%。ROC 分析同样未能预测 NAC 反应,随机森林和 AdaBoost 的 AUC 分别为 0.40(95%CI 0.22-0.58)和 0.44(95%CI 0.26-0.62)。
结论:总体而言,尽管我们的结果未能将 NAC 应答者与非应答者分开,但我们的分析确实确定了一组 LTE 衍生指标,这些指标具有进一步研究的潜力。未来的研究可能会受益于更大的样本量构建,以避免数据过滤和特征选择技术的需要,这些技术有可能严重影响机器学习过程。
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