Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
ARC Life Course Centre, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Birth. 2023 Mar;50(1):76-89. doi: 10.1111/birt.12708. Epub 2023 Jan 25.
Infants with low birthweight (LBW, birthweight <2500 g) have increased in many high-resource countries over the past two decades. This study aimed to investigate the time trends, projections, and spatial distribution of LBW in Australia, 2009-2030.
We used standard aggregate data on 3 346 808 births from 2009 to 2019 from Australia's National Perinatal Data Collection. Bayesian linear regression model was used to estimate the trends in the prevalence of LBW in Australia.
Wefound that the prevalence of LBW was 6.18% in 2009, which has increased to 6.64% in 2019 (average annual rate of change, AARC = +0.76%). If the national trend remains the same, the projected prevalence of LBW in Australia will increase to 7.34% (95% uncertainty interval, UI = 6.99, 7.68) in 2030. Observing AARC across different subpopulations, the trend of LBW was stable among Indigenous mothers, whereas it increased among non-Indigenous mothers (AARC = +0.81%). There is also an increase among the most disadvantaged mothers (AARC = +1.08%), birthing people in either of two extreme age groups (AARC = +1.99% and +1.53% for <20 years and ≥40 years, respectively), and mothers who smoked during pregnancy (AARC = +1.52%). Spatiotemporal maps showed that some of the Statistical Area level 3 (SA3) in Northern Territory and Queensland had consistently higher prevalence for LBW than the national average from 2014 to 2019.
Overall, the prevalence of LBW has increased in Australia during 2009-2019; however, the trends vary across different subpopulations. If trends persist, Australia will not achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target of a 30% reduction in LBW by 2030. Centering and supporting the most vulnerable subpopulations is vital to progress the SDGs and improves perinatal and infant health in Australia.
在过去的二十年中，许多高资源国家的低出生体重（LBW，出生体重<2500g）婴儿数量有所增加。本研究旨在调查澳大利亚 2009-2030 年 LBW 的时间趋势、预测和空间分布。
我们使用了澳大利亚国家围产期数据收集的 2009 年至 2019 年期间 3346808 例出生的标准汇总数据。使用贝叶斯线性回归模型来估计澳大利亚 LBW 患病率的趋势。
我们发现，2009 年 LBW 的患病率为 6.18%，2019 年增至 6.64%（平均年变化率 AARC=+0.76%）。如果全国趋势保持不变，预计澳大利亚 LBW 的患病率将在 2030 年增加到 7.34%（95%置信区间，95%UI=6.99，7.68）。观察不同亚人群中的 AARC，土著母亲的 LBW 趋势稳定，而非土著母亲的 LBW 趋势增加（AARC=+0.81%）。在最弱势群体的母亲中也有所增加（AARC=+1.08%），分娩人群处于两个极端年龄组（分别为<20 岁和≥40 岁，AARC=+1.99%和+1.53%），以及怀孕期间吸烟的母亲（AARC=+1.52%）。时空地图显示，2014 年至 2019 年期间，北领地和昆士兰州的一些统计区域 3 级（SA3）的 LBW 患病率一直高于全国平均水平。
总体而言，2009-2019 年期间，澳大利亚的 LBW 患病率有所增加；然而，不同亚人群的趋势各不相同。如果趋势持续下去，澳大利亚将无法实现 2030 年将 LBW 减少 30%的可持续发展目标（SDGs）。关注和支持最弱势群体对于推进 SDGs 和改善澳大利亚围产期和婴儿健康至关重要。
