Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine, No,197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan 25;23(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12886-022-02630-5.
To evaluate the characteristics of dome-shaped macula (DSM) in children aged 4-6 years with normal visual acuity using optical coherence tomography angiography.
This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 19 children aged 4-6 years were included. The results of optical coherence tomography angiography images were analysed to identify and quantify retinal structural and vascular parameters in DSM children. The dome height, dome base, and sub-dome choroidal thickness were manually measured. Participants with DSM and those without DSM from our previous study were compared on these parameters.
Nineteen eyes of the preschool subjects with normal visual acuity showed horizontal DSM on optical coherence tomography (OCT). The DSM was significantly smooth and low in the children, and we did not observe differences between sex and age. Compared to the children without DSM, the average axial length was longer, and the average macular vessel density was lower in the DSM group, especially in the deep retinal vascular density. Additionally, the dome height was positively correlated with the sub-dome choroidal thickness. When the dome base/height was increased, the fovea avascular zone (FAZ) area was larger.
Dome-shaped macula was detected in the preschool children in the process of the emmetropization with normal visual acuity. The changes in macular structure and vasculature provide new ideas for further investigation into the characteristics of DSM formation.
利用光相干断层扫描血管造影术评估视力正常的 4-6 岁儿童的穹顶形黄斑（DSM）特征。
这是一项横断面研究。共纳入 19 名 4-6 岁儿童。分析光相干断层扫描血管造影图像的结果，以识别和量化 DSM 儿童的视网膜结构和血管参数。手动测量穹顶高度、穹顶基底和亚穹顶脉络膜厚度。将来自我们之前研究的有 DSM 和无 DSM 的参与者在这些参数上进行比较。
19 只视力正常的学龄前儿童的眼在光学相干断层扫描（OCT）上显示出水平 DSM。DSM 在儿童中非常平滑且低，我们没有观察到性别和年龄之间的差异。与无 DSM 的儿童相比，DSM 组的平均眼轴较长，平均黄斑血管密度较低，尤其是深层视网膜血管密度。此外，穹顶高度与亚穹顶脉络膜厚度呈正相关。当穹顶基底/高度增加时，中心凹无血管区（FAZ）面积增大。
在视力正常的正视化过程中，学龄前儿童中检测到了穹顶形黄斑。黄斑结构和血管的变化为进一步研究 DSM 形成的特征提供了新的思路。
