“疟疾风险因素的对比分析”卢旺达吉塞拉加和布格塞拉区案例研究。2014/2015 年卢旺达人口与健康调查。回顾性研究。
"A comparative analysis of risk factors of malaria" case study Gisagara and Bugesera District of Rwanda. RDHS 2014/2015. A retrospective study.
机构信息
College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jan 25;23(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15104-0.
BACKGROUND
Malaria is a public health concern worldwide. A figure of 3.2 billion people is at risk of malaria a report of World Health Organization in 2013. A proportion of 89 and 91 cases of malaria reported during 2015 were respectively attributed to malaria cases and malaria deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa. Rwanda is among the Sub-Saharan Africa located in East Africa. The several reports indicate that from 2001 to 2011, malaria cases increased considerably especially in Eastern and Southern Province with five million cases. The affected districts included Bugesera in the Eastern and Gisagara in the Southern Province of Rwanda with a share of 41% of the country prevalence in 2014 and during 2017-2018 a figure of 11 deaths was attributed to malaria and both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts were the high burdened.
METHODOLOGY
The RDHS 2014-2015 data was used for the study and a cross-sectional survey was used in which two clusters were considered both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts in the Southern and Eastern Province of Rwanda. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the significant predictors with malaria and reduced logistic regression model was used.
RESULTS
The results of the study show that not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is 0.264 times less likely of having malaria than those who have mosquito bed nets in Gisagara District. In Bugesera District, living in low altitude is 2.768 times more likely associated with the risk of getting malaria than living in high altitude.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study concluded that environmental and geographical factor such as low altitude is the risk factor associated with malaria than the high altitude in Bugesera District. While not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is the protective factor for malaria than those who have it in Gisagara District. On the other hand, socio-economic and demographic characteristics do not have any effect with malaria on the results of the study.
背景
疟疾是全球公共卫生关注的问题。2013 年世界卫生组织的一份报告显示，全球有 32 亿人面临疟疾风险。2015 年报告的疟疾病例和疟疾死亡病例中，分别有 89%和 91%归因于撒哈拉以南非洲。卢旺达是位于东非的撒哈拉以南非洲国家之一。有几份报告表明，2001 年至 2011 年期间，疟疾病例大幅增加，特别是在东部和南部省份，病例数达到 500 万例。受影响的地区包括卢旺达东部的布盖塞拉和南部的吉塞拉，2014 年该国疟疾病例的 41%发生在这两个地区，2017 年至 2018 年期间，有 11 人死于疟疾，吉塞拉和布盖塞拉两个区都是疟疾高发区。
方法
本研究使用 2014-2015 年的卢旺达人口与健康调查数据，采用横断面调查，考虑了卢旺达南部和东部两省的吉塞拉和布盖塞拉两个区。采用双变量分析确定疟疾的显著预测因素，并采用简化逻辑回归模型。
结果
研究结果表明，在吉塞拉区，与使用蚊帐睡觉的人相比，不使用蚊帐睡觉患疟疾的可能性低 0.264 倍。在布盖塞拉区，与居住在高海拔地区的人相比，居住在低海拔地区的人患疟疾的风险高 2.768 倍。
结论
研究结果表明，环境和地理因素（如低海拔）是与疟疾相关的危险因素，而高海拔是布盖塞拉区的保护因素。而在吉塞拉区，不使用蚊帐睡觉是患疟疾的保护因素，而在布盖塞拉区，使用蚊帐睡觉是患疟疾的危险因素。另一方面，社会经济和人口特征对研究结果没有任何影响。
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