埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴和阿达马政府医护人员对新冠疫苗的接受度、知识、态度及预防措施的影响因素：一项横断面研究
Determinants of vaccine acceptance, knowledge, attitude, and prevention practices against COVID-19 among governmental healthcare workers in Addis Ababa and Adama, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Girmay Aderajew M, Weldegebriel Mesaye G, Serte Melaku G, Dinssa Daniel A, Alemayehu Tsigereda A, Kenea Moa A, Weldetinsae Abel, Teklu Kirubel T, Mengesha Sisay D, Alemu Zinabu A, Demisie Belaynesh, Wagari Bedasa, Evans Martin R, Tessema Masresha, Tollera Getachew
机构信息
Department of Nutrition and Environmental Health Research Directorate Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Laboratory and Microbiology Consultant, Global Health Programs American Society for Microbiology Huntington New York USA.
出版信息
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 18;6(1):e1074. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1074. eCollection 2023 Jan.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
COVID-19 vaccines are vital tools for infection prevention and control of the pandemic. However, coronavirus immunization requires acceptance among healthcare workforces and by the community. In Ethiopia, studies focused on determinants of vaccine acceptance, knowledge, attitude, and prevention practices (KAP) contrary to the novel coronavirus among healthcare staff are limited. Hence, closing this gap requires research.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 844 governmental healthcare workers. A stratified, simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Binary and multivariable logistic regression statistical models were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
This study indicated that only 57.9% of the participants had good COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, meaning they took at least a dose of the vaccine themselves. We found that 65%, 60.9%, and 51.3% of the participants had good knowledge, prevention practices, and attitude against the pandemic. The novel coronavirus vaccine acceptance rate was 2.19 times more likely among females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.19 with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54-3.10) than among male participants. Further, respondents who did not report having any chronic diseases were 9.40 times higher to accept COVID-19 vaccines (AOR = 9.40 with 95% CI: 4.77, 18.53) than those who reported having a chronic condition. However, healthcare workers who had a habit of chewing khat at least once per week were 4% less likely to take the vaccine (AOR = 0.04 with 95% CI: 0.01, 0.32) than those who had no habit of chewing khat.
CONCLUSION
Many core factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were identified. A significant number of participants had poor vaccine acceptance, KAP against COVID-19. Therefore, the government should adopt urgent and effective public health measures, including public campaigns to enhance public trust in COVID-19 vaccines. In addition, continuous, timely, and practical training should be provided to healthcare workers.
背景与目的
新冠疫苗是预防和控制疫情的重要工具。然而，冠状病毒免疫接种需要医疗工作者和社区的接受。在埃塞俄比亚，针对医疗人员中与新型冠状病毒相关的疫苗接受度、知识、态度和预防措施（KAP）的决定因素的研究有限。因此，填补这一空白需要开展研究。
方法
对844名政府医疗工作者进行了一项横断面研究。采用分层简单随机抽样技术选取受访者。使用结构化问卷收集数据。采用二元和多变量逻辑回归统计模型分析数据。
结果
本研究表明，只有57.9%的参与者对新冠疫苗接受度良好，即他们自己至少接种了一剂疫苗。我们发现，65%、60.9%和51.3%的参与者对疫情有良好的知识、预防措施和态度。女性接受新型冠状病毒疫苗的几率比男性参与者高2.19倍（调整后的优势比[AOR]=2.19，95%置信区间[CI]：1.54 - 3.10）。此外，未报告患有任何慢性病的受访者接受新冠疫苗的可能性比报告患有慢性病的受访者高9.40倍（AOR = 9.40，95% CI：4.77，18.53）。然而，每周至少咀嚼一次恰特草的医疗工作者接种疫苗的可能性比没有咀嚼恰特草习惯的人低4%（AOR = 0.04，95% CI：0.01，0.32）。
结论
确定了许多影响新冠疫苗接受度的核心因素。相当数量的参与者对新冠疫苗的接受度、知识、态度和预防措施较差。因此，政府应采取紧急有效的公共卫生措施，包括开展宣传活动以增强公众对新冠疫苗的信任。此外，应为医疗工作者提供持续、及时和实用的培训。
Zotero 插件