Vega José L, Gutiérrez Camila, Rojas Mauro, Güiza Juan, Sáez Juan C
Laboratory of Gap Junctions Proteins and Parasitic Diseases (GaPaL), Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Biotecnología Biomédica de Antofagasta (CIIBBA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Jan 9;10:1094362. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1094362. eCollection 2022.
Plasma membrane ionic channels selectively permeate potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions. However, large-pore channels are permeable to ions and small molecules such as ATP and glutamate, among others. Large-pore channels are structures formed by several protein families with little or no evolutionary linkages including connexins (Cxs), pannexins (Panxs), innexin (Inxs), unnexins (Unxs), calcium homeostasis modulator (CALHMs), and Leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) proteins. Large-pore channels are key players in inflammatory cell response, guiding the activation of inflammasomes, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), and the release of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), which is considered a danger signal. This review summarizes our current understanding of large-pore channels and their contribution to inflammation induced by microorganisms, virulence factors or their toxins.
质膜离子通道可选择性地通透钾离子、钠离子、钙离子和氯离子。然而，大孔通道可通透离子以及诸如ATP和谷氨酸等小分子。大孔通道是由几个蛋白质家族形成的结构，这些家族之间几乎没有或没有进化联系，包括连接蛋白（Cxs）、泛连接蛋白（Panxs）、间隙连接蛋白（Inxs）、非连接蛋白（Unxs）、钙稳态调节剂（CALHMs）和富含亮氨酸重复序列8（LRRC8）蛋白。大孔通道是炎症细胞反应的关键参与者，指导炎性小体的激活、促炎细胞因子如白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的释放以及被视为危险信号的腺苷-5'-三磷酸（ATP）的释放。本综述总结了我们目前对大孔通道及其在微生物、毒力因子或其毒素诱导的炎症中所起作用的理解。
