Kenya Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Health, County Government of Nakuru, Nakuru, Kenya.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Jan 26;17(1):e0011086. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011086. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Zoonoses account for most of the emerging and re-emerging infections in Kenya and in other low to medium-income countries across the world. The human-livestock-wildlife interface provides a nexus where transmission and spread of these zoonotic diseases could occur among communities farming in these areas. We sought to identify perceptions of the community living near the Lake Nakuru National Park in Kenya.
We used participatory epidemiology techniques (PE) involving Focus Group Discussion (FGD) among community members and Key Informant Interviews (KII) with the health, veterinary, and administration officers in July 2020. We used listing, pairwise matching, and proportional piling techniques during the FGDs in the randomly selected villages in the study area from a list of villages provided by the area government officers. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the median scores between the zoonotic diseases, source of information, and response to disease occurrence. Medians with a z-score greater than 1.96 at 95% Confidence Level were considered to be significant. Content analysis was used to rank qualitative variables.
We conducted seven FGDs and four KIIs. A total of 89 participants took part in the FGDs with their ages ranging from 26 to 85 years. Common zoonotic diseases identified by participants included anthrax, rabies, and brucellosis. Anthrax was considered to have the greatest impact by the participants (median = 4, z>1.96), while 4/7 (57%) of the FGDs identified consumption of uninspected meat as a way that people can get infected with zoonotic diseases. Community Health Volunteers (Median = 28, z = 2.13) and the government veterinary officer (median = 7, z = 1.8) were the preferred sources of information during disease outbreaks.
The participants knew the zoonotic diseases common in the area and how the diseases can be acquired. We recommend increased involvement of the community in epidemio-surveillance of zoonotic diseases at the human-wildlife-livestock interface.
人畜共患病占肯尼亚和世界其他中低收入国家新发和再现传染病的大多数。人类-牲畜-野生动物界面提供了一个联系点，在这些地区从事农业的社区中，这些人畜共患病可能在传播和蔓延。我们试图了解肯尼亚纳库鲁湖国家公园附近社区的看法。
我们于 2020 年 7 月使用参与式流行病学技术（PE），包括社区成员的焦点小组讨论（FGD）和卫生、兽医和行政官员的关键知情人访谈（KII）。我们在研究区域内随机选择的村庄中，使用清单、配对匹配和比例堆积技术，根据地区政府官员提供的村庄名单进行 FGD。Kruskal-Wallis 检验用于比较人畜共患病、信息来源和对疾病发生的反应的中位数分数。置信水平为 95%时，Z 分数大于 1.96 的中位数被认为具有统计学意义。内容分析用于对定性变量进行排名。
我们进行了 7 次 FGD 和 4 次 KII。共有 89 名参与者参加了 FGD，年龄从 26 岁到 85 岁不等。参与者确定的常见人畜共患病包括炭疽、狂犬病和布鲁氏菌病。炭疽被参与者认为是影响最大的疾病（中位数=4，Z>1.96），而 7 次 FGD 中有 4/7（57%）认为食用未经检查的肉类是人们感染人畜共患病的一种方式。在疾病爆发期间，社区卫生志愿者（中位数=28，Z=2.13）和政府兽医官员（中位数=7，Z=1.8）是首选的信息来源。
参与者了解该地区常见的人畜共患病以及这些疾病是如何获得的。我们建议增加社区在人类-野生动物-牲畜界面的人畜共患病流行监测中的参与度。
