Microsurgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Microsurgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2023 Mar 1;24(3):318-323. doi: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000524. Epub 2022 Nov 28.
BACKGROUND: Understanding the microsurgical neuroanatomy of the brain is challenging yet crucial for safe and effective surgery. Training on human cadavers provides an opportunity to practice approaches and learn about the brain's complex organization from a surgical view. Innovations in visual technology, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), have immensely added a new dimension to neuroanatomy education. In this regard, a 3-dimensional (3D) model and AR/VR application may facilitate the understanding of the microsurgical neuroanatomy of the brain and improve spatial recognition during neurosurgical procedures by generating a better comprehension of interrelated neuroanatomic structures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the results of 3D volumetric modeling and AR/VR applications in showing the brain's complex organization during fiber dissection. METHODS: Fiber dissection was applied to the specimen, and the 3D model was created with a new photogrammetry method. After photogrammetry, the 3D model was edited using 3D editing programs and viewed in AR. The 3D model was also viewed in VR using a head-mounted display device. RESULTS: The 3D model was viewed in internet-based sites and AR/VR platforms with high resolution. The fibers could be panned, rotated, and moved freely on different planes and viewed from different angles on AR and VR platforms. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that fiber dissections can be transformed and viewed digitally on AR/VR platforms. These models can be considered a powerful teaching tool for improving the surgical spatial recognition of interrelated neuroanatomic structures. Neurosurgeons worldwide can easily avail of these models on digital platforms.
背景:理解大脑的显微神经解剖结构具有挑战性,但对于安全有效的手术至关重要。在人体标本上进行培训为练习方法和从手术角度了解大脑的复杂结构提供了机会。视觉技术的创新,如虚拟现实(VR)和增强现实(AR),为神经解剖学教育增添了全新的维度。在这方面,3 维(3D)模型和 AR/VR 应用程序可以通过更好地理解相关神经解剖结构,来促进对大脑显微神经解剖结构的理解,并改善神经外科手术过程中的空间识别。
目的:研究 3D 体积建模和 AR/VR 应用程序在纤维解剖过程中展示大脑复杂结构的结果。
方法:对标本进行纤维解剖,并用新的摄影测量方法创建 3D 模型。摄影测量后,使用 3D 编辑程序编辑 3D 模型,并在 AR 中查看。还使用头戴式显示设备在 VR 中查看 3D 模型。
结果:3D 模型在具有高分辨率的基于互联网的网站和 AR/VR 平台上进行了查看。纤维可以在不同的平面上自由平移、旋转和移动,并在 AR 和 VR 平台上从不同角度查看。
结论:本研究表明,纤维解剖可以在 AR/VR 平台上进行数字化转换和查看。这些模型可以被视为改善相关神经解剖结构手术空间识别的有力教学工具。世界各地的神经外科医生都可以在数字平台上轻松获得这些模型。
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