Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Apr 15;332:117328. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117328. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
The formation of leachate is mainly due to the percolating of rainwater through the body of the landfill and the physical, chemical, and biological processes taking place inside the body of the landfill. The characteristics and pollution potential of leachate from the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in Poland (Łubna) and the Czech Republic (Zdounky) is presented. The objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate and compare physicochemical characteristics of leachate, 2) to demonstrate the variability of leachate parameters in time, concerning stabilization phase of the landfill, 3) to present existing relationships between the characteristics of the leachate, 4) to indicate the factors determining the variability of the leachate composition. The Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) was applied to indicate temporal changes in leachate pollution, to assess polluting ability of leachate, and to compare the pollution potential of leachate. For the Łubna landfill, the minimum, maximum, and average values of LPI were: 6.10, 39.41, and 18.44, respectively. The LPI for the Łubna landfill tends to decrease in time due to stabilization of wastes. For the Zdounky landfill, temporal decreasing of LPI was not observed. The minimum, maximum, and average values of LPI were: 6.25, 14.25, and 10.11, respectively. Alkaline characteristics of leachate from both landfills indicate the mature stage of waste storage. This phenomenon was also evidenced by the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonium (NH), and cadmium (Cd). For both landfills, pH was negatively correlated with most of the leachate parameters. It is the task for environmental engineers to confront existing knowledge (supplemented by the results of this work) about the properties of leachate, its changes over time and its polluting potential with the possibilities of treating and managing it properly.
渗滤液的形成主要是由于雨水渗透到垃圾填埋场内部以及在填埋场内发生的物理、化学和生物过程。本文介绍了波兰（卢宾纳）和捷克共和国（兹多恩基）的城市固体废物（MSW）填埋场渗滤液的特性和污染潜力。本研究的目的是：1）评估和比较渗滤液的理化特性，2）展示填埋场稳定阶段渗滤液参数随时间的变化，3）展示渗滤液特性之间的现有关系，4）指出决定渗滤液组成变化的因素。采用渗滤液污染指数（LPI）来指示渗滤液污染的时间变化，评估渗滤液的污染能力，并比较渗滤液的污染潜力。对于卢宾纳填埋场，LPI 的最小值、最大值和平均值分别为：6.10、39.41 和 18.44。由于废物的稳定化，卢宾纳填埋场的 LPI 趋于随时间降低。对于兹多恩基填埋场，未观察到 LPI 的时间降低。LPI 的最小值、最大值和平均值分别为：6.25、14.25 和 10.11。两个填埋场的渗滤液均呈碱性，表明垃圾储存已进入成熟阶段。这一现象也被化学需氧量（COD）、铵（NH）和镉（Cd）所证实。对于两个填埋场，pH 值与大多数渗滤液参数呈负相关。环境工程师的任务是将现有的关于渗滤液性质、随时间变化及其污染潜力的知识（辅以本工作的结果）与适当处理和管理渗滤液的可能性进行对比。
