Lu Yulong, Xie Qing, Cao Chuanghua, Huang Jianzhong, Wang Jialei, Ren Bozhi, Liu Yang
Institute of Geological Survey of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410083, China.
School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 19;15(1):9465. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94518-9.
This paper investigates leachate leakage of a typical valley-type landfill in South China and health risk of groundwater pollution. Through geophysical detection on landfill, chemical analysis of 19 parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), potassium permanganate index (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), sulfate (SO), chloride (Cl), fluoride (F), nitrate (NO-N), nitrite (NO-N), and heavy metals (Hg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Cd) in groundwater, and model simulation, the prediction of pollution resource and risk level is achieved. This aggregated approach aims to effectively manage and control groundwater contamination and public health risks from the source. The results of transient electromagnetic method showed that four leakage areas of impermeable layer were existed in the landfill, with an area of 336.8 m and a depth of 15-22 m. The chemical analysis and pollution assessment revealed that groundwater at ZK01 and ZK04 were heavily polluted, ZK02 and ZK03 were slightly polluted, and ZK05 was non-polluted. Water quality of points ZK01-04 exceeded the standard value of Class III water in the Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T 14,848-2017), and the main excessive parameters are pH, NH-N, Mn and Fe. The landfill leakage, rock weathering dissolution and water-rock interaction possibly were the main sources of groundwater pollution through correlation analysis (CA) and principle component analysis (PCA). Numerical simulation based on the RBCA (Risk-based Corrective Action) model thought Mn and NO-N had adverse non-carcinogenic effects o human health risk. Assuming that no pollution control measures are taken, the average increase rate of hazard index (HI) for pollutants within the past 20 years was between 0.04 and 0.08/a, and the average expansion rates of the risk area were 341-432 m/a. The expansion rates of risk area along the groundwater runoff were 1.6-3.8 m/a, drinking water safety downstream of main pollution source runoff is the focus of protection.
本文研究了中国南方某典型山谷型填埋场渗滤液渗漏及地下水污染的健康风险。通过对填埋场进行地球物理探测、对地下水中pH值、总溶解固体（TDS）、总硬度（TH）、高锰酸钾指数（COD）、氨氮（NH-N）、硫酸根（SO）、氯离子（Cl）、氟化物（F）、硝酸盐（NO-N）、亚硝酸盐（NO-N）以及重金属（Hg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb和Cd）等19项参数进行化学分析，并进行模型模拟，实现了对污染来源和风险水平的预测。这种综合方法旨在从源头上有效管理和控制地下水污染及公共健康风险。瞬变电磁法结果表明，填埋场存在4个防渗层渗漏区，面积为336.8平方米，深度为15 - 22米。化学分析和污染评估显示，ZK01和ZK04处的地下水污染严重，ZK02和ZK03处轻度污染，ZK05处未受污染。ZK01 - 04点的水质超过了《地下水质量标准》（GB/T 14848 - 2017）中Ⅲ类水的标准值，主要超标参数为pH值、NH-N、Mn和Fe。通过相关性分析（CA）和主成分分析（PCA）可知，填埋场渗漏、岩石风化溶解以及水 - 岩相互作用可能是地下水污染的主要来源。基于RBCA（基于风险的纠正行动）模型的数值模拟认为，Mn和NO-N对人类健康风险具有不良非致癌影响。假设不采取污染控制措施，过去20年污染物的危害指数（HI）平均增长率在0.04至0.08/a之间，风险区域的平均扩展速率为341 - 432米/a。沿地下水径流方向风险区域的扩展速率为1.6 - 3.8米/a，主要污染源径流下游的饮用水安全是保护重点。
