National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 10;10:1061894. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1061894. eCollection 2022.
Relevant research focusing on young adults with Unipolar Depression (UD) and Bipolar Depression (BD) is limited. The current research aims to investigate childhood trauma and personality traits in young adults with UD and BD.
Two hundred and thirty-five patients in a first depressive episode (diagnosed UD and BD), 16-25 years old, were recruited from Second Xiangya Hospital. And 79 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the community to form the comparison group. Patients' childhood trauma was measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and personality was measured by Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare depression, anxiety, CTQ, and EPI scores between the HC ( = 79), UD ( = 131), and BD ( = 104) groups. Factors independently associated with mood disorders and BD were determined using binary logistic regression analyses.
Compared with HC, mood disorders had more severe anxiety and depression symptoms, and higher CTQ. Emotional abuse (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.08-2.01), emotional neglect (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.05-1.46), and neuroticism (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.16-1.35) were associated with significantly increased odds of mood disorders. Whereas, higher extraversion scores were a protective factor for mood disorders. Compared with UD, BD had more severe anxiety symptoms, and higher CTQ, than extraversion and neuroticism personality scores. Anxiety (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02-1.08) and extraversion (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03-1.09) were associated with significantly increased odds of BD.
Interventions to prevent childhood trauma may improve young adults' mental health. Using childhood trauma and personality to anticipate BD and UD creates more accurate treatment for young adults with first depression.
针对单相抑郁（UD）和双相抑郁（BD）的年轻患者的相关研究有限。本研究旨在调查年轻单相抑郁和双相抑郁患者的童年创伤和人格特征。
从湘雅二医院招募了 235 名首次抑郁发作（诊断为 UD 和 BD）、年龄在 16-25 岁的患者，并从社区招募了 79 名健康对照（HC）形成对照组。采用童年创伤问卷（CTQ）评估患者的童年创伤，采用艾森克人格问卷（EPI）评估人格。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较 HC（n=79）、UD（n=131）和 BD（n=104）三组间抑郁、焦虑、CTQ 和 EPI 评分。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定与心境障碍和 BD 相关的独立因素。
与 HC 相比，心境障碍患者焦虑和抑郁症状更严重，CTQ 评分更高。情感虐待（OR=1.47；95%CI=1.08-2.01）、情感忽视（OR=1.24；95%CI=1.05-1.46）和神经质（OR=1.25；95%CI=1.16-1.35）与心境障碍的发生风险显著增加相关。而较高的外向性评分是心境障碍的保护因素。与 UD 相比，BD 患者焦虑症状更严重，CTQ 评分更高，外向性和神经质人格评分更低。焦虑（OR=1.06；95%CI=1.02-1.08）和外向性（OR=1.05；95%CI=1.03-1.09）与 BD 的发生风险显著增加相关。
预防童年创伤的干预措施可能会改善年轻患者的心理健康。使用童年创伤和人格来预测 BD 和 UD，可以为首次抑郁的年轻患者提供更准确的治疗。
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