Yang Xi, Yu Liuruyu, Zhang Shengming, Wei Zhaoguo, Xie Gaoqiang, Wang Jianhong
Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Clinical Research Institute, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 22;15:1375698. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1375698. eCollection 2024.
Depression is a common mental illness with a high prevalence rate and is a significant contributor to the global burden of diseases. Various factors are associated with depression, and its etiology is complex. Instead of focusing on single-factor effects, this study aimed to explore a combination of high-risk factor sets for depression among adult community residents.
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Shenzhen, China, from January 2021 to March 2021. A simple sampling method was used to enroll participants. A total of 1,965 adult residents completed the survey and were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC), and the Psychosocial Stress Survey for Groups (PSSG). The fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method was used to explore the high-risk factor sets for depression among adult community residents.
The prevalence of depression among the surveyed adult residents in Shenzhen was 6.36%. The mean scores of PHQ-9 were higher among women and unmarried residents. The combination of low extroversion (e) and high neuroticism (N) in personality traits, along with high scores for life events (V), negative emotional responses to events (G), positive emotional responses to events (O), and positive coping styles to events (I) (denoted as eNVGOI) constituted a high-risk factor set for depression. The overall consistency was 0.843, and the overall coverage was 0.330.
Our study suggested that stressful life events together with personality traits including neuroticism and introversion serve as crucial factors for depression among adult community residents, regardless of the coping strategies they adopt. This study provides data for developing comprehensive interventions such as regulating neuroticism and introversion levels and reducing stressors to prevent the occurrence of depression among adult community residents.
抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病，患病率很高，是全球疾病负担的重要促成因素。抑郁症与多种因素相关，其病因复杂。本研究旨在探索成年社区居民中抑郁症的高风险因素集组合，而非关注单一因素的影响。
2021年1月至2021年3月，我们在中国深圳进行了一项横断面调查。采用简单抽样方法招募参与者。共有1965名成年居民完成了调查，并使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、艾森克人格问卷修订版中国简式量表（EPQ-RSC）和团体心理社会应激调查问卷（PSSG）进行评估。采用模糊集定性比较分析方法探索成年社区居民中抑郁症的高风险因素集。
深圳接受调查的成年居民中抑郁症患病率为6.36%。女性和未婚居民的PHQ-9平均得分较高。人格特质中低外向性（e）和高神经质（N）的组合，以及生活事件（V）、对事件的负面情绪反应（G）、对事件的正面情绪反应（O）和对事件的积极应对方式（I）得分较高（表示为eNVGOI）构成了抑郁症的高风险因素集。总体一致性为0.843，总体覆盖率为0.330。
我们的研究表明，无论成年社区居民采取何种应对策略，应激性生活事件以及包括神经质和内向性在内的人格特质都是抑郁症的关键因素。本研究为制定综合干预措施提供了数据，如调节神经质和内向性水平以及减少压力源，以预防成年社区居民抑郁症的发生。
