Babaki Danial, M Matin Maryam
Master of Science Student in Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tagliatela College of Engineering, University of New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran Endod J. 2020 Spring;15(2):79-89. doi: 10.22037/iej.v15i2.27569.
Dental problems are common in human populations. Traditional treatments are focused on managing caries, soft tissue impairments, functional defects, poor aesthetics, digestive disorders and alveolar bone resorption. During the last two decades, basic and clinical researches on adult stem cells have established a potential therapeutic concept in tissue regeneration. Among major cells responsible for tooth development, odontoblasts play a key role in the formation of organic and inorganic constituents of dental tissue. A premier stride in the development of novel stem cell-based strategies for the treatment of reversible and irreversible pulpitis is odontoblast regeneration. Among different candidate cell sources for odontoblastic regeneration, use of dental adult stem cells is a preferred option because of their great ability to differentiate into odontoblasts and also their minimally invasive isolation procedure. This review emphasizes on articles that report successful odontoblast-like differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells which in turn provide a background for dentin-pulp complex cell therapies, using genetic or chemical manipulation. The series of experiments both and asserted that dental mesenchymal stem cells can efficiently differentiate into functional odontoblast-like cells. However, the review shows there are drawbacks in present methods. Future research should focus on optimizing protocols on odontoblast differentiation of dental stem cells by simultaneously introducing different genes with mutual synergy, combined with chemical or recombinant protein introduction.
牙齿问题在人群中很常见。传统治疗方法主要集中于处理龋齿、软组织损伤、功能缺陷、美观不佳、消化紊乱以及牙槽骨吸收。在过去二十年中，关于成体干细胞的基础和临床研究确立了组织再生的潜在治疗理念。在负责牙齿发育的主要细胞中，成牙本质细胞在牙体组织有机和无机成分的形成中起关键作用。成牙本质细胞再生是基于新型干细胞策略治疗可逆性和不可逆性牙髓炎发展中的首要进展。在成牙本质细胞再生的不同候选细胞来源中，使用牙源性成体干细胞是一个优选方案，因为它们具有很强的分化为成牙本质细胞的能力，而且其分离过程微创。本综述重点关注那些报道牙间充质干细胞成功分化为成牙本质样细胞的文章，这些文章反过来为使用基因或化学操作的牙髓复合体细胞治疗提供了背景。实验系列[此处原文似乎缺失具体实验编号]均断言牙间充质干细胞能够有效地分化为功能性成牙本质样细胞。然而，该综述表明目前的方法存在缺陷。未来的研究应专注于通过同时引入具有相互协同作用的不同基因，并结合化学或重组蛋白引入，来优化牙干细胞向成牙本质细胞分化的方案。
