Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
Wegmans School of Health and Nutrition, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2023 Mar;55(3):191-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.10.008. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Examine the impact of Fuel for Fun: Cooking with Kids Plus Parents and Play (FFF) on children's culinary self-efficacy, attitude, fruit and vegetable (FV) preferences, physical activity (PA), and body mass index.
Randomized controlled trial.
Eight elementary schools in 2 Northern Colorado districts.
Fourth-grade students; 7-month interventions: school (S.FFF)-theory-based cooking + tasting lessons, active recess, lesson-driven cafeteria promotions; or school + family (S+F.FFF) with added family nights and home activities.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cooking self-efficacy and attitudes, FV preferences, PA, and measured height/weight.
Individual outcomes nested by classroom, school, and district and assessed > 12 months with repeated measures controlled by sex and baseline cooking experience, with a significance level of P < 0.05.
The sample included 1,428 youth, 38 teachers, 4 cohorts, 50% boys, 75% White, and 15% Hispanic. No intervention effect was observed. Those who cooked retained higher self-efficacy, attitude, and FV preferences (P < 0.001). Girls reported higher self-efficacy and attitude than boys. Moderate-to-vigorous PA and metabolic equivalent minutes increased for all students; boys retained higher levels (P < 0.001). Body mass index percentile remained stable.
Cooking and sex were associated with all outcome measures and should be considered for intervention tailoring. Treatment impacts were not evident nesting by classroom, school, and district. Accurate assessment of school-based interventions requires rejecting student independence from group assignment assumptions.
研究“趣味烹饪：儿童与家长一起烹饪”（FFF）对儿童烹饪自我效能感、态度、水果和蔬菜（FV）偏好、身体活动（PA）和体重指数的影响。
随机对照试验。
科罗拉多州北部的 8 所小学。
四年级学生；7 个月的干预措施：学校（FFF）-基于理论的烹饪+品尝课程、积极的课间休息、课程驱动的自助餐厅促销；或学校+家庭（S+FFF），增加家庭之夜和家庭活动。
烹饪自我效能感和态度、FV 偏好、PA 和测量的身高/体重。
个体结果嵌套在课堂、学校和地区内，并通过性别和基线烹饪经验进行重复测量控制，显著性水平为 P < 0.05。
该样本包括 1428 名青少年、38 名教师、4 个队列、50%的男孩、75%的白人、15%的西班牙裔。没有观察到干预效果。那些烹饪的人保持了更高的自我效能感、态度和 FV 偏好（P < 0.001）。女孩报告的自我效能感和态度高于男孩。所有学生的中度至剧烈 PA 和代谢当量分钟都有所增加；男孩保留了更高的水平（P < 0.001）。体重指数百分比保持稳定。
烹饪和性别与所有结果测量相关，应考虑用于干预定制。嵌套在课堂、学校和地区的治疗效果并不明显。准确评估基于学校的干预措施需要拒绝学生从组分配假设中独立的假设。
