School of Social and Behavior Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Br J Sociol. 2023 Mar;74(2):148-172. doi: 10.1111/1468-4446.12997. Epub 2023 Jan 28.
This study examines how social context, in this case, income inequality, shapes the role of cultural capital in educational success. First, we revisit the associations between (objectified) cultural capital and academic achievement, and cultural capital's role in mediating the relationship between family SES and academic achievement. More importantly, we explore how national-level income inequality moderates these two relationships. By analyzing a multilevel dataset of 32 OECD countries, a combination of PISA 2018 data and several national indexes, we find that: (1) cultural capital not only has a positive association with students' academic achievement but also acts as a significant mediator of the relationship between family SES and academic achievement in OECD countries; (2) both cultural capital's association with academic achievement and it's mediating role are stronger in more equal countries than in unequal ones. The findings shed new light on understanding how cultural capital shapes intergenerational education inequality across countries with different levels of inequality.
本研究考察了社会背景（在这种情况下是收入不平等）如何塑造文化资本在教育成功中的作用。首先，我们重新考察了（客观化的）文化资本与学业成就之间的关联，以及文化资本在调解家庭社会经济地位与学业成就之间关系中的作用。更重要的是，我们探讨了国家层面的收入不平等如何调节这两个关系。通过分析 OECD 国家的一个多层次数据集，该数据集结合了 PISA 2018 年的数据和几个国家指标，我们发现：（1）文化资本不仅与学生的学业成就呈正相关，而且在 OECD 国家中还是家庭社会经济地位与学业成就之间关系的重要中介；（2）在更平等的国家，文化资本与学业成就的关联以及它的中介作用比在不平等的国家更强。这些发现为理解文化资本如何在具有不同不平等程度的国家塑造代际教育不平等提供了新的视角。
