Guo W, Bi S S, Wang W W, Zhou M, Neves A L A, Degen A A, Guan L L, Long R J
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, International Centre of Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, International Centre of Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
J Dairy Sci. 2023 Mar;106(3):2054-2070. doi: 10.3168/jds.2022-22655. Epub 2023 Jan 27.
Early-life gut microbial colonization and development exert a profound impact on the health and metabolism of the host throughout the life span. The transmission of microbes from the mother to the offspring affects the succession and establishment of the early-life rumen microbiome in newborns, but the contributions of different maternal sites to the rumen microbial establishment remain unclear. In the present study, samples from different dam sites (namely, oral, rumen fluid, milk, and teat skin) and rumen fluid of yak calves were collected at 6 time points between d 7 and 180 postpartum to determine the contributions of the different maternal sites to the establishment of the bacterial and archaeal communities in the rumen during early life. Our analysis demonstrated that the dam's microbial communities clustered according to the sites, and the calves' rumen microbiota resembled that of the dam consistently regardless of fluctuations at d 7 and 14. The dam's rumen microbiota was the major source of the calves' rumen bacteria (7.9%) and archaea (49.7%) compared with the other sites, whereas the potential sources of the calf rumen microbiota from other sites varied according to the age. The contribution of dam's rumen bacteria increased with age from 0.36% at d 7 to 14.8% at d 180, whereas the contribution of the milk microbiota showed the opposite trend, with its contribution reduced from 2.7% at d 7 to 0.2% at d 180. Maternal oral archaea were the main sources of the calves' rumen archaea at d 14 (50.4%), but maternal rumen archaea became the main source gradually and reached 66.2% at d 180. These findings demonstrated the potential microbial transfer from the dam to the offspring that could influence the rumen microbiota colonization and establishment in yak calves raised under grazing regimens, providing the basis for future microbiota manipulation strategies during their early life.
生命早期肠道微生物的定殖与发育对宿主一生的健康和新陈代谢都有着深远影响。微生物从母体向子代的传递会影响新生儿生命早期瘤胃微生物群的演替与建立，但母体不同部位对瘤胃微生物建立的贡献仍不明确。在本研究中，于产后第7天至180天的6个时间点采集了母牦牛不同部位（即口腔、瘤胃液、乳汁和乳头皮肤）以及牦牛犊牛瘤胃液的样本，以确定母体不同部位对生命早期瘤胃细菌和古菌群落建立的贡献。我们的分析表明，母体的微生物群落按部位聚类，且无论第7天和第14天的波动情况如何，犊牛瘤胃微生物群始终与母体相似。与其他部位相比，母体瘤胃微生物群是犊牛瘤胃细菌（7.9%）和古菌（49.7%）的主要来源，而犊牛瘤胃微生物群其他部位的潜在来源则因年龄而异。母体瘤胃细菌的贡献随年龄增长而增加，从第7天的0.36%增至第180天的14.8%，而乳汁微生物群的贡献则呈相反趋势，从第7天的2.7%降至第180天的0.2%。母体口腔古菌在第14天是犊牛瘤胃古菌的主要来源（50.4%），但母体瘤胃古菌逐渐成为主要来源，并在第180天达到66.2%。这些发现证明了在放牧饲养模式下，母体向子代存在潜在的微生物转移，这可能影响牦牛犊牛瘤胃微生物群的定殖与建立，为其生命早期未来的微生物群调控策略提供了依据。
