Hong Meiling, Ge Zhenfeng, Wu Chanti
The Industrial and Business Management School, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jan 11;13:987485. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987485. eCollection 2022.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) are identified as regions with intensive and coordinated entrepreneurship practices. However, there is less focus on the longitudinal perspective to track how an EE has taken form. In this research, to understand the emergence of an EE, we developed a two-phase model with Bourdieu's approach and identified the contents and interaction of entrepreneurship capitals, habitus, and practices in each phase. By analysing 34 interviews of technology entrepreneurs from Shenzhen, China, we found that in the heteronomous phase, pursuing economic capital and the habitus of making quick profit results in entrepreneurship practices of copycat business; and in the autonomous phase, valuing cultural capital and the habitus of altruism result in entrepreneurship practices of innovation activity. This study offers the following implications for practitioners. First, public sectors should invest in industries with high technology affordance that can create entrepreneurship opportunities. Second, social events can transform entrepreneurship practices from distributed individual level to coordinated social construction.
创业生态系统（EEs）被视为创业活动密集且协调的地区。然而，较少有人从纵向角度关注创业生态系统是如何形成的。在本研究中，为了理解创业生态系统的出现，我们运用布迪厄的方法开发了一个两阶段模型，并确定了每个阶段创业资本、惯习和实践的内容及相互作用。通过对来自中国深圳的34位科技创业者的访谈分析，我们发现，在他律阶段，追求经济资本和快速获利的惯习导致了模仿经营的创业实践；而在自主阶段，重视文化资本和利他主义的惯习导致了创新活动的创业实践。本研究为从业者提供了以下启示。首先，公共部门应投资于具有高科技支撑能力、能够创造创业机会的产业。其次，社会活动可以将创业实践从分散的个体层面转变为协调的社会建构。
