Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Center of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 12;10:1068888. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1068888. eCollection 2022.
The emergence of bacterial pathogens in environmental hosts represents a major risk to public health. This study aimed at characterizing seven novel environmental strains of using a genomic approach which was misidentified by phenotypic methods in a previous batch of 27 species thought to be .
Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina platform, and the generated raw reads were assembled. Comparative genomic, resistome, virulome, mobilome, and phylogeny were then investigated using dierent bioinformatics tools.
Six strains were identified as subsp and one as subsp. . All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and harbored the , types, , and genes. One isolate additionally harbored a gene cassettes consisting of , , ' genes. The aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene was bracketed by two insertion elements. Plasmid analyses showed that IncFIB was the most prevalent plasmid, circulating in six isolates, while one isolate exhibited seven different plasmids. The isolates have virulence genes responsible for capsule formation, lipopolysaccharide, iron uptake aerobactin (), salmochelins (), enterobactin siderophore, adherence, and biofilm formation (, and ).
Our study highlights the ecology and transmission of (which have the ability to disseminate to other environmental sources including animals) outside the clinical setting and the contribution of water, vegetables, and table surfaces as potential reservoirs of farm-to-fork transmission of disease via local markets in Khartoum, Sudan.
环境宿主中细菌病原体的出现对公共卫生构成了重大威胁。本研究旨在通过基因组方法对 7 株新型环境菌株进行特征描述，这些菌株在之前的 27 种被认为是 的物种中，通过表型方法被错误识别。
使用 Illumina 平台进行全基因组测序，生成的原始读数进行组装。然后使用不同的生物信息学工具研究比较基因组、抗性组、毒力组、移动组和系统发育。
6 株被鉴定为 subsp. ，1 株被鉴定为 subsp. 。所有分离株均对氨苄西林、头孢氨苄和阿莫西林克拉维酸耐药，并携带 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 基因。一个分离株还含有一个由 、 、 '基因组成的基因盒。氨基糖苷修饰酶基因 由两个插入元件框定。质粒分析表明，IncFIB 是最常见的质粒，在 6 个分离株中循环，而一个分离株则表现出 7 种不同的质粒。这些分离株具有负责荚膜形成、脂多糖、铁摄取 Aerobactin ()、salmochelins ()、enterobactin 铁载体、黏附和生物膜形成 (、和 )的毒力基因。
本研究强调了 （能够传播到其他环境来源，包括动物）在临床环境之外的生态学和传播，以及水、蔬菜和台面作为通过苏丹喀土穆的当地市场进行从农场到餐桌传播疾病的潜在储库的作用。
