Towards chemical characterization and possible applications of juçara fruit: an approach to remove Martius from the extinction list.

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Juçara ( Martius) is a palm widely distributed in the Atlantic Forest. It produces a non-climacteric, black-violet small fruit similar to the Amazonian açaí (). The fruit is known as because it presents chemical characteristics of great importance, such as anthocyanins content. Regarding bioactive compounds and antioxidant scavenging capacity, it presents high anthocyanin (634.26 to 2,929 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 g) and total phenolic compounds (415.1 to 9,778.20 mg equivalents of gallic acid 100 g) contents. The soluble solid content ranges from 3.0 to 4.9% and its pH is higher than other tropical fruits (4.8 to 5.6). Despite the rich bioactive compound content of juçara fruits, this plant has been traditionally used for palm heart production. The accelerated and illegal palm heart exploitation, without the use of an adequate management has led to the risk of extinction of this species. In order to prevent this species from vanishing, several studies have valued the health characteristics of juçara fruit chemical composition. An economical approach has been the production of juçara pulp described as a source of bioactive compounds, which has attracted the attention of industrial field aiming the production of functional foods, foodstuff, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. A full botanical and chemical characterization of juçara tree and fruit is presented in this paper, as well as suggestions to increase the use of this tropical fruit and derivatives.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-021-05342-8.