Schuchter Tanja, Mayer Katharina, Glarcher Manela
Austria.
Procare. 2022;27(10):44-48. doi: 10.1007/s00735-022-1644-2. Epub 2022 Dec 14.
The Covid-19 virus caused increased challenges for nursing professionals.
This study aims to explore psychosocial stress in the work environment of nursing staff resulting from the pandemic within an Austrian hospital. In addition, differences in the experience between nurses and nursing assistants, in leadership and management positions, as well as between wards with (suspected) Covid-19 positive patients and wards without Covid-19 patients will be recorded.
In a mixed-method study, a web-based survey was conducted using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). The qualitative data was collected with four open questions. The results were analysed descriptively and inferentially with a one-way analysis of variance and the Mann-Whitney-U test. The qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.
A total of 104 participants completed the survey. The results show that there is a burden on nursing professionals (p = 0.03) within the area of emotional and quantitative demands (p < 0.01), but no differences between the individual nursing groups emerged. Leadership and management positions report less stress than the rest of the nursing staff (p ≤ 0.05). When distinguishing between Covid-19 (suspected) wards and non-Covid-19 wards, two scales (demands for hiding emotions % possibilities for development) were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.04).
The results of this study illustrate the psychosocial burden of the Covid-19 pandemic on nurses with different characteristics and are in line with current research. Further studies should address the impact of the burden on nursing practice.
新冠病毒给护理专业人员带来了更多挑战。
本研究旨在探讨奥地利一家医院内疫情导致的护理人员工作环境中的心理社会压力。此外，还将记录护士与护理助理、担任领导和管理职位的人员之间，以及有（疑似）新冠病毒阳性患者的病房和无新冠病毒患者的病房之间在体验上的差异。
在一项混合方法研究中，使用哥本哈根心理社会问卷（COPSOQ）进行了基于网络的调查。通过四个开放式问题收集定性数据。对结果进行描述性分析和推断性分析，采用单因素方差分析和曼-惠特尼- U检验。使用内容分析法对定性数据进行分析。
共有104名参与者完成了调查。结果表明，护理专业人员在情感和工作量需求方面存在负担（p = 0.03），在工作量需求方面负担显著（p < 0.01），但各护理群体之间未出现差异。担任领导和管理职位的人员报告的压力低于其他护理人员（p ≤ 0.05）。在区分新冠病毒（疑似）病房和非新冠病毒病房时，两个量表（隐藏情绪的需求%发展可能性）具有统计学意义（p ≤ 0.04）。
本研究结果说明了新冠疫情给不同特征的护士带来的心理社会负担，与当前研究一致。进一步的研究应关注这种负担对护理实践的影响。
