新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间护士的焦虑、睡眠障碍和自我效能感：一项大型横断面研究。
Anxiety, sleep disorders and self-efficacy among nurses during COVID-19 pandemic: A large cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Politecnica Delle Marche University, ASUR Marche, AV 5, Ascoli Piceno, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
J Clin Nurs. 2021 May;30(9-10):1360-1371. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15685. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
To assess the prevalence of anxiety, sleep disorders and self-efficacy and their predicting factors among nurses facing COVID-19.
BACKGROUND
The spread of COVID-19 throughout the world determined a series of modifications of several National Health Service organisations, with a potential series of psychological consequences among nurses, who were particularly afflicted by this situation of changes and precariousness.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was carried out from February-April 2020.
METHODS
A total of 1,005 nurses employed in different Italian hospital wards, during the COVID-19 pandemic, were recruited. Analyses were based on descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. The STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was used in this study.
RESULTS
The prevalence of sleep disturbances, moderate anxiety and low self-efficacy was 71.4%, 33.23% and 50.65%, respectively. We found a positive correlation between anxiety and sleep quality (0.408; p < .0001) and negative correlations between self-efficacy and anxiety (-0.217; p < .0001) and sleep quality and self-efficacy (-0.134; p < .0001). The factor independently associated with all variables was gender. Females were more prone to sleep disturbances, anxiety and low levels of self-efficacy than males (p < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of anxiety, sleep disorders and low self-efficacy among Italian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was high. Healthcare managers should recognise and consider these results to reduce the risk of the onset of major mental problems that could result in post-traumatic stress disorder.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Nurses facing major incidents as COVID-19 pandemic are among healthcare personnel exposed to a high risk to develop psychological disturbance that should be assessed and recognised, in order to find helpful coping strategies to inform support services and avoid to hesitate in post-traumatic stress disorders.
目的和目标
评估在应对 COVID-19 期间，护士中焦虑、睡眠障碍和自我效能的发生率及其预测因素。
背景
COVID-19 在全球范围内的传播导致了一些国家卫生服务机构的一系列调整，护士可能会因此受到一系列潜在的心理后果的影响，他们在这种变化和不稳定的情况下受到了特别的影响。
设计
这是一项在 2020 年 2 月至 4 月期间进行的横断面研究。
方法
共招募了 1005 名在意大利不同医院病房工作的护士，他们在 COVID-19 大流行期间被招募。分析基于描述性统计和多变量逻辑回归。本研究使用了 STROBE 横断面研究检查表。
结果
睡眠障碍、中度焦虑和自我效能低下的发生率分别为 71.4%、33.23%和 50.65%。我们发现焦虑与睡眠质量之间存在正相关（0.408;p<0.0001），自我效能与焦虑（-0.217;p<0.0001）和睡眠质量与自我效能（-0.134;p<0.0001）之间存在负相关。与所有变量独立相关的因素是性别。女性比男性更容易出现睡眠障碍、焦虑和自我效能低下（p<0.05）。
结论
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，意大利护士中焦虑、睡眠障碍和自我效能低下的发生率较高。医疗保健管理人员应认识到并考虑这些结果，以降低发生主要精神问题的风险，这些问题可能导致创伤后应激障碍。
临床意义
面对 COVID-19 大流行等重大事件的护士是面临高风险的医护人员之一，他们可能会出现心理困扰，应进行评估和识别，以便找到有助于应对的策略，为支持服务提供信息，并避免在创伤后应激障碍方面犹豫不决。
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