Goswami Shrea, Mudd Emily, Chuo John, Das Anirudha
Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN.
Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2023 Jan 17;10(1):31-37. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1960. eCollection 2023 Winter.
Barriers to parents visiting the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in person for infant bonding include socioeconomic status, distance from NICU, and having children at home. Use of NICU bedside webcam can increase access to parent-infant interaction. This study aimed to describe the pattern of webcam logins by parents, relationship of logins to in-person visitation, and maternal factors affecting usage.
In this retrospective cohort study, data pertaining to parental webcam logins and in-person visitation, maternal screening for depression, anxiety, and stress, and family sociodemographics were collected from medical records. Relationships between chart variables and webcam or in-person visitation were measured using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney test, as applicable. Login data were obtained from weeks 2 through 5 of NICU stay of the infant, while depression, anxiety, and stress scores were obtained in the second week as standard procedure by a dedicated NICU social worker.
A total of 59 mother-baby dyads were included. Percentage of days visited and webcam logins decreased from week 2 to week 5. A higher rate of webcam login was documented for all parents on days they did not visit in person. Parents who lived ≥15 miles away (P=0.004) and those with government insurance (P=0.01) visited in person significantly less, although webcam logins showed no difference between groups. One negative correlation was found between percentage of in-person visits and DASS-21 depression score (P=0.03), but no such correlation was seen with webcam logins.
Parents utilized NICU webcams to connect with their infants when unable to be at the bedside. Webcam use reduced visitation disparities known to be exacerbated by insurance status, home-to-hospital distance, and psychological distress.
父母亲自前往新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）进行亲子互动的障碍包括社会经济地位、与NICU的距离以及家中还有其他孩子。使用NICU床边网络摄像头可以增加亲子互动的机会。本研究旨在描述父母使用网络摄像头登录的模式、登录与亲自探视的关系以及影响使用的母亲因素。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，从医疗记录中收集了与父母网络摄像头登录和亲自探视、母亲抑郁、焦虑和压力筛查以及家庭社会人口统计学相关的数据。根据适用情况，使用Pearson相关系数和Mann-Whitney检验来衡量图表变量与网络摄像头或亲自探视之间的关系。登录数据取自婴儿在NICU住院的第2周和第5周，而抑郁、焦虑和压力评分在第2周由专门的NICU社会工作者按照标准程序获取。
共纳入59对母婴。从第2周到第5周，亲自探视的天数百分比和网络摄像头登录次数均有所下降。所有父母在未亲自探视的日子里网络摄像头登录率更高。居住距离≥15英里的父母（P=0.004）和有政府保险的父母（P=0.01）亲自探视的次数明显较少，不过两组之间网络摄像头登录情况没有差异。亲自探视百分比与DASS-21抑郁评分之间存在一个负相关（P=0.03），但网络摄像头登录情况未发现此类相关性。
父母在无法亲临床边时利用NICU网络摄像头与婴儿建立联系。网络摄像头的使用减少了已知因保险状况、家到医院的距离和心理困扰而加剧的探视差异。
