Damme Katherine S F, Alloy Lauren B, Kelley Nicholas J, Carroll Ann, Young Christina B, Chein Jason, Ng Tommy H, Titone Madison K, Bart Corinne P, Nusslock Robin
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
JCPP Adv. 2022 Mar;2(1). doi: 10.1002/jcv2.12068. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
Elevated sensitivity to rewards prospectively predicts Bipolar Spectrum Disorder (BSD) onset; however, it is unclear whether volumetric abnormalities also reflect BSD risk. BSDs emerge when critical neurodevelopment in frontal and striatal regions occurs in sex-specific ways. The current paper examined the volume of frontal and striatal brain regions in both individuals with and at risk for a BSD with exploratory analyses examining sex-specificity.
One hundred fourteen medication-free individuals ages 18-27 at low-risk for BSD (moderate-reward sensitivity; = 37), at high-risk without a BSD (high-reward sensitivity; = 47), or with a BSD ( = 30) completed a structural MRI scan of the brain. We examined group differences in gray matter volume in a priori medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) regions-of-interest.
The BSD group had enlarged frontostriatal volumes (mOFC, NAcc) compared to low individuals ( = 1.01). The mOFC volume in BSD was larger than low-risk ( = 1.01) and the high-risk groups ( = 0.74). This effect was driven by males with a BSD, who showed an enlarged mOFC compared to low ( = 1.01) and high-risk males ( = 0.74). Males with a BSD also showed a greater NAcc volume compared to males at low-risk ( = 0.49), but not high-risk males.
An enlarged frontostriatal volume (averaged mOFC, NAcc) is associated with the presence of a BSD, while subvolumes (mOFC vs. NAcc) showed unique patterning in relation to risk. We report preliminary evidence that sex moderates frontostriatal volume in BSD, highlighting the need for larger longitudinal risk studies examining the role of sex-specific neurodevelopmental trajectories in emerging BSDs.
对奖励的高敏感性可前瞻性预测双相谱系障碍（BSD）的发病；然而，尚不清楚体积异常是否也反映BSD风险。当额叶和纹状体区域的关键神经发育以性别特异性方式出现时，双相谱系障碍就会出现。本文研究了患有双相谱系障碍的个体以及有双相谱系障碍风险的个体的额叶和纹状体脑区体积，并进行了探索性分析以检验性别特异性。
114名年龄在18 - 27岁、无药物治疗史的个体参与研究，其中BSD低风险组（中等奖励敏感性；n = 37）、无BSD的高风险组（高奖励敏感性；n = 47）或患有BSD组（n = 30）完成了脑部结构MRI扫描。我们研究了先验设定的内侧眶额皮质（mOFC）和伏隔核（NAcc）感兴趣区域的灰质体积的组间差异。
与低风险组相比，BSD组的额纹状体体积（mOFC、NAcc）增大（t = 1.01）。BSD组的mOFC体积大于低风险组（t = 1.01）和高风险组（t = 0.74）。这种效应由患有BSD的男性驱动，与低风险男性（t = 1.01）和高风险男性相比，他们的mOFC增大（t = 0.74）。与低风险男性相比，患有BSD的男性的NAcc体积也更大（t = 0.49），但与高风险男性相比则不然。
额纹状体体积增大（平均mOFC、NAcc）与BSD的存在相关，而子体积（mOFC与NAcc）在风险方面表现出独特的模式。我们报告了初步证据表明性别调节BSD中的额纹状体体积，强调需要进行更大规模的纵向风险研究，以检验性别特异性神经发育轨迹在双相谱系障碍发生中的作用。
