Ab Hamid J, Juni M H, Rosliza A M, Syed Ismail S N, Lim P Y
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Community Health, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Med J Malaysia. 2023 Jan;78(1):109-117.
The floating catchment area (FCA) method has emerged as the most comprehensive and accurate method for quantifying the spatial accessibility of health care services. There were variants of the FCA-based method that was continuously improvised by the researchers to suit specific local contexts and the different nature of healthcare service delivery. This scoping review identifies factors associated with the spatial accessibility of healthcare services that were specifically measured using the FCAbased method.
This scoping review was performed through electronic databases (PubMed and ScienceDirect) using keywords: 'spatial accessibility', 'floating catchment area' and 'factors'. Google Scholar and Mendeley Network were also used as additional sources to obtain relevant studies.
A total of 32 articles were included in this review. Factors identified can be distinguished into two broad categories, which are spatial and non-spatial factors. Spatial factors were remoteness or distance from the urban centre, areas in close proximity to main roads, and some specific geographical characteristics such as mountainous and deltaic regions, whereas non-spatial factors were the degree of urbanisation, population density and various demographic profiles of the population such as socioeconomic status, health need, and minority ethnic composition.
This study adds to the body of literature pertinent to the factors associated with spatial accessibility to healthcare services. These findings could give insight for researchers to consider and incorporate those additional variables to further improve the FCA-based method calculations.
浮动集水区（FCA）方法已成为量化医疗服务空间可达性最全面、最准确的方法。基于FCA的方法有多种变体，研究人员不断对其进行改进，以适应特定的当地情况和医疗服务提供的不同性质。本范围综述确定了与医疗服务空间可达性相关的因素，这些因素是使用基于FCA的方法专门测量的。
本范围综述通过电子数据库（PubMed和ScienceDirect）进行，使用的关键词为：“空间可达性”、“浮动集水区”和“因素”。谷歌学术和Mendeley网络也被用作获取相关研究的额外来源。
本综述共纳入32篇文章。确定的因素可分为两大类，即空间因素和非空间因素。空间因素包括距市中心的偏远程度或距离、靠近主要道路的区域以及一些特定的地理特征，如山区和三角洲地区，而非空间因素包括城市化程度、人口密度以及人口的各种人口统计学特征，如社会经济地位、健康需求和少数民族构成。
本研究丰富了与医疗服务空间可达性相关因素的文献。这些发现可为研究人员提供参考，以便他们考虑并纳入这些额外变量，以进一步改进基于FCA的方法计算。
