Chair of Plant Health, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Pest Manag Sci. 2024 May;80(5):2250-2259. doi: 10.1002/ps.7391. Epub 2023 Feb 18.
Agricultural landscapes provide resources for arthropod pests as well as their natural enemies. To develop integrated pest management (IPM) practices, it is important to understand how spatiotemporal location influences crop colonization and damage severity. We performed a 3-year (2016-2018) field experiment in winter oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus) fields in Estonia, where half of the fields were within 500 m of the location of the previous year's winter OSR field and half were outside this zone. We investigated how distance from the previous year's OSR crop influences the infestation and parasitism rates of two of its most important pests: the pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus) and the cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus).
When the distance from the previous year's OSR crop was >500 m, we recorded significantly reduced pest pressure by both B. aeneus and C. obstrictus in the study fields. Biocontrol of both pests, provided by parasitic wasps, was high in each study year and commonly not affected by distance. Mean parasitism rates of B. aeneus were >31%, occasionally reaching >70%; for C. obstrictus, mean parasitism was >46%, reaching up to 79%, thereby providing effective biocontrol for both pest species.
Spatiotemporal separation of OSR fields can reduce pest pressure without resulting in reduced parasitism of OSR pests. This supports a spatiotemporal field separation concept as an effective and sustainable technique for IPM in OSR. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
农业景观为节肢动物害虫及其天敌提供了资源。为了制定综合虫害管理（IPM）实践，了解时空位置如何影响作物定殖和损害严重程度非常重要。我们在爱沙尼亚的冬油菜（OSR，Brassica napus）田进行了为期 3 年（2016-2018 年）的田间试验，其中一半的田地距离前一年的冬油菜田的位置在 500m 以内，另一半田地则在该区域之外。我们调查了距离前一年 OSR 作物的距离如何影响其两个最重要害虫的侵染率和寄生率：花粉甲虫（Brassicogethes aeneus）和菜豆象（Ceutorhynchus obstrictus）。
当距离前一年的 OSR 作物>500m 时，我们在研究田记录到花粉甲虫和菜豆象的害虫压力明显降低。在每个研究年中，由寄生蜂提供的对这两种害虫的生物防治都很高，并且通常不受距离的影响。B. aeneus 的平均寄生率>31%，偶尔达到>70%；对于 C. obstrictus，平均寄生率>46%，达到 79%，从而为这两种害虫提供了有效的生物防治。
OSR 田的时空分离可以降低害虫压力，而不会导致对 OSR 害虫的寄生率降低。这支持了时空田间分离概念作为 OSR IPM 的一种有效和可持续技术。© 2023 作者。Pest Management Science 由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
