Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Braunschweig, Germany.
Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Braunschweig, Germany.
Pest Manag Sci. 2024 May;80(5):2371-2382. doi: 10.1002/ps.7716. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
Chemical control of insect pests in oilseed rape (OSR) is becoming increasingly difficult due to the development of resistance and restrictive insecticide approvals in Europe. At the same time, there is a lack of preventive and alternative control measures. Crop rotation mostly fails to control insects due to their mobility; however, changing regional cropping densities can dilute or concentrate pest pressure. In this study, we investigated whether the local occurrence of Psylliodes chrysocephala and Delia radicum, serious insect pests in winter OSR, is influenced by distance from the previous year's OSR fields and how changes in OSR rape cropping density at a regional scale (up to 10 km radius) affect pest pressure.
Abundance of P. chrysocephala in yellow water traps decreased with increasing distance to previous year's OSR. Estimated catches in the first 3 weeks of migration were about 68-76% lower at 10 km distance compared to 1 km in autumn 2019 and 2020. However, in both seasons P. chrysocephala was able to disperse over distances of 10 km. Probability of root damage by D. radicum was affected by changes of OSR cropping area at a spatial scale of 2.5 km radius; it increased if acreage of OSR decreased. Furthermore, aphid infestation was lower when OSR was distant in the previous year.
This study could enable field-specific risk assessment and prediction of pest pressure. To decide about the effectiveness of cropping breaks at a regional level as a preventive crop protection measure, more knowledge on other pest species and antagonists is needed. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
由于在欧洲抗药性的发展和杀虫剂的限制批准，油菜（OSR）中的虫害化学防治变得越来越困难。与此同时，缺乏预防性和替代控制措施。由于昆虫的移动性，轮作大多无法控制它们；然而，改变区域作物密度可以稀释或集中害虫的压力。在这项研究中，我们调查了冬季油菜中严重的虫害 Psylliodes chrysocephala 和 Delia radicum 的局部发生是否受与前一年油菜田的距离的影响，以及区域尺度（高达 10 公里半径）上油菜种植密度的变化如何影响害虫压力。
黄色水阱中 P. chrysocephala 的丰度随与前一年 OSR 的距离增加而降低。2019 年和 2020 年秋季，迁移的前 3 周内估计的捕获量在 10 公里处比 1 公里处低约 68-76%。然而，在这两个季节中，P. chrysocephala 都能够在 10 公里的距离内扩散。D. radicum 对根造成损害的可能性受空间尺度为 2.5 公里半径的 OSR 种植面积变化的影响；如果 OSR 面积减少，它就会增加。此外，前一年 OSR 距离较远时，蚜虫的侵害程度较低。
本研究可以实现针对特定田地的风险评估和害虫压力预测。要决定在区域水平上作为预防性作物保护措施的休耕的有效性，还需要更多关于其他害虫和天敌的知识。© 2023 作者。害虫管理科学由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
