Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Apr 15;869:161764. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161764. Epub 2023 Jan 27.
In 2017, the Chinese government announced the development of another metropolis called Xiong'an New Area (XNA) to relieve the population and service pressures affecting Beijing. By the programs of the Chinese governments, the largest natural freshwater wetland of the XNA, Lake Baiyangdian (BYD), will provide the key ecosystem services for the region. However, whether the hydrological conditions of BYD can support this booming metropolis is still unclear. The hydrological condition evolutions and the ecological water demand of BYD in the near future were evaluated. The results showed that to maintain the ecosystem function of BYD and provide ecological services for the XNA, the annual ecological water demands of BYD ranged from 3.10 × 10 m to 6.35 × 10 m under different water exchange scenarios. Due to the insufficient water resources within the watershed, under the scenario of a 1.0 time year frequency of lake water exchange, in wet years, normal flow years and dry years 1.32 × 10 m, 2.10 × 10 m and 3.38 × 10 m of external water from the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers must be transferred into BYD to satisfy the ecological restoration of the XNA, and the costs may be as much as 77-277 million RMB (11.0-39.57 million USD) per year. The predicted results show that the external water demands may decrease slightly by 0.58 × 10-0.95 × 10 m year and 1.02 × 10-1.19 × 10 m year in the 2030s and 2050s, respectively. Agricultural water consumption reduction, inflow water quality improvement and the intelligent use and management of urban reclaimed water are necessary for maintaining the ecosystem function of BYD, and externally transferred water may be a potential factor needed to support the growing XNA.
2017 年，中国政府宣布开发另一个名为雄安新区（XNA）的特大城市，以缓解影响北京的人口和服务压力。根据中国政府的规划，XNA 最大的天然淡水湿地白洋淀（BYD）将为该地区提供关键的生态系统服务。然而，BYD 的水文条件是否能够支撑这个新兴的特大城市仍不清楚。本研究评估了 BYD 的近期水文条件演变和生态需水。结果表明，为了维持 BYD 的生态系统功能并为 XNA 提供生态服务，在不同的水体交换情景下，BYD 的年生态需水量范围为 3.10×10 m 到 6.35×10 m。由于流域内水资源不足，在以 1.0 年一遇的湖水交换频率情景下，在丰水年、平水年和枯水年，需要从长江和黄河调水 1.32×10 m、2.10×10 m 和 3.38×10 m 补充到 BYD 以满足 XNA 的生态修复，每年的成本可能高达 7700 万到 2.77 亿元人民币（1100 万到 3957 万美元）。预测结果表明，在 2030 年代和 2050 年代，外部需水量可能会分别略有减少 0.58×10 m 到 0.95×10 m 年和 1.02×10 m 到 1.19×10 m 年。减少农业用水量、改善入湖水质以及智能利用和管理城市再生水，是维持 BYD 生态系统功能的必要条件，外部调水可能是支持不断发展的 XNA 的一个潜在因素。
