Zhang Mi, Liu Xiaoyong, Li Kunpeng, Huang Hao, Hu Hui
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Hubei Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(16):46414-46425. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25453-3. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Non-road construction machinery (NRCM) emissions pollutants significantly impact air quality. Six typical NRCM (2 excavators, 3 loaders, and 1 forklift) are analyzed based on a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) in Wuhan to estimate the real-world emission characteristics and chemical composition of PM of NRCM. The results show that the fuel-based average emission factors (EFs) of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO), and particulate matter (PM) are 19.4 ~ 35.7 g kg fuel, 2.9 ~ 7.9 g kg fuel, 57.5 ~ 95.3 g kg fuel, and 1.8 ~ 2.6 g kg fuel for the tested NRCM. The high NO EF implies that the regulation of NO emission in Wuhan should be strengthened. In addition, the PM chemical composition profiles for NRCM show that the PM emitted from NRCM is dominated by organic carbon and elemental carbon (56.11 ~ 73.85%), followed by water-soluble ions (WSIs, 1.47 ~ 3.46%), and elements (0.16 ~ 0.41%). The major WSIs species are Cl, Na and NO, and the major elements are Ca, Na, and K, which are important markers for PM source analysis. The results of EFs and chemical composition emission characteristics of NRCM tailpipe pollutants obtained in the real-world can provide essential data support for accurately establish of emission inventory of non-road mobile sources in Wuhan.
非道路施工机械（NRCM）排放的污染物对空气质量有重大影响。基于武汉市的便携式排放测量系统（PEMS），对六种典型的非道路施工机械（2台挖掘机、3台装载机和1台叉车）进行了分析，以估算非道路施工机械的实际排放特征和颗粒物（PM）的化学成分。结果表明，对于测试的非道路施工机械，一氧化碳（CO）、碳氢化合物（HC）、氮氧化物（NO）和颗粒物（PM）基于燃料的平均排放因子（EFs）分别为19.435.7克/千克燃料、2.97.9克/千克燃料、57.595.3克/千克燃料和1.82.6克/千克燃料。较高的NO排放因子意味着武汉应加强对NO排放的监管。此外，非道路施工机械的PM化学成分谱表明其排放的PM以有机碳和元素碳为主（56.11%73.85%），其次是水溶性离子（WSIs，1.47%3.46%）和元素（0.16%~0.41%）。主要的WSIs物种是Cl、Na和NO，主要元素是Ca、Na和K，这些是PM源分析的重要标志物。在实际工况下获得的非道路施工机械尾气污染物排放因子和化学成分排放特征结果，可为准确建立武汉市非道路移动源排放清单提供重要数据支持。
