邻里“不舒适设施”：黑人和白人老年人群体的局部障碍和认知功能。
Neighborhood 'Disamenities': local barriers and cognitive function among Black and white aging adults.
机构信息
Program in Survey and Data Science, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 48104.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jan 30;23(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15026-x.
BACKGROUND
This study examined the association between cognitive function and three neighborhood 'disamenities' that may pose local barriers to utilizing community resources and increase risk for cognitive decline.
METHOD
Using national data from 21,165 urban- and suburban-dwelling Black and white adults (mean age: 67 years) in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study, we assessed global cognitive function through a factor score of five cognitive screening tests. General Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) tested whether residing in areas with more polluting sites, highways, and limited walkability was associated with worse cognitive function.
RESULTS
Limited walkability and the presence of polluting sites had a significant negative association with cognitive function after controlling for individual and neighborhood factors.
CONCLUSION
Neighborhood disamenities may be linked to cognitive function among aging residents. Identifying neighborhood factors that pose barriers to accessing community resources may inform upstream policy applications to reduce risk for cognitive decline.
背景
本研究探讨了认知功能与三种可能对利用社区资源构成局部障碍并增加认知能力下降风险的邻里“不适宜因素”之间的关系。
方法
利用 Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke（REGARDS）研究中 21165 名居住在城市和郊区的黑人和白人成年人（平均年龄：67 岁）的全国性数据，我们通过五项认知筛查测试的因子评分来评估整体认知功能。广义加性混合模型（GAMM）检验了居住在污染严重的场所、高速公路较多以及步行不便的地区是否与较差的认知功能有关。
结果
在控制了个体和邻里因素后，有限的步行能力和存在污染场所与认知功能呈显著负相关。
结论
邻里不适宜因素可能与老年居民的认知功能有关。确定阻碍获取社区资源的邻里因素，可能为减少认知能力下降风险的上游政策应用提供信息。
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