Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O.Box: 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, GAMBY Medical and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 31;23(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04570-w.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental disorder after traumatic exposure that can have long-lasting physical and mental health consequences. In 2021, Ethiopia saw the highest number of internally displaced people (IDP) due to conflict and war with the scope of the internal displacement being very high in the study area and less attention has been given to mental health.
To determine the prevalence and associated factors of PTSD among internally displaced people in camps at Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1-30, 2021 among 406 IDPs, who were selected by random systematic sampling from the registration and proportionally allocated to three IDP camps in Debre Berhan. Post-traumatic stress disorder was measured by the PTSD checklist (DSM-5). Data were collected through an interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire, entered into EpiData version 3.1, and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Bivariate binary logistic regression was used to select candidate variables with p < 0.25. Multicollinearity was checked by using the variance inflation factor and it was less than 10. Model adequacy was checked by Hosmer & Lemeshow goodness of test (p > 0.05). In the multivariable binary logistic regression, the association between outcome and independent variables was declared at p < 0.05 with its adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a 95% confidence level.
The prevalence of PTSD among the respondents was 67.5% (95% CI: 63-72). Being a merchant (AOR = 0.41 [95% CI: 0.02-0.85]), witnessing the destruction of property (AOR = 1.67 [95% CI: 1.01-2.74]), facing trauma during displacement (AOR = 6.00 [95% CI: 2.75-13.10]), frequency of displacement (AOR = 0.31 [95% CI: 0.11-0.85]), being distressed (AOR = 5.42 [95% CI: 3.25-9.05]), and unemployment (AOR = 2.09 [95% CI: 1.24-3.54]) were factors significantly associated with PTSD.
This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of PTSD among internally displaced people. Therefore, mental health and psychosocial support are urgently required to address the identified factors and help the displaced people against long-term avoidable suffering.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是创伤后常见的精神障碍，可对身心健康造成长期影响。2021 年，埃塞俄比亚因冲突和战争而出现了数量最多的境内流离失所者（IDP），研究地区的境内流离失所者人数众多，但对心理健康问题的关注较少。
确定埃塞俄比亚德布雷贝汉营地境内流离失所者中 PTSD 的患病率及相关因素。
2021 年 12 月 1 日至 30 日，采用横断面研究方法，对登记的 406 名 IDP 进行了研究，采用随机系统抽样法从登记处抽取样本，并按比例分配到德布雷贝汉的三个 IDP 营地。采用创伤后应激障碍检查表（DSM-5）评估 PTSD。通过访谈员管理的预测试问卷收集数据，输入 EpiData 版本 3.1，并使用统计软件包 25 版进行分析。采用双变量二项逻辑回归选择具有 p<0.25 的候选变量。通过方差膨胀因子检查多重共线性，其值小于 10。采用 Hosmer & Lemeshow 拟合优度检验（p>0.05）检查模型充分性。在多变量二项逻辑回归中，p<0.05 时，将结果与独立变量之间的关联定义为具有 95%置信水平的调整比值比（AOR）。
受访者中 PTSD 的患病率为 67.5%（95%CI：63-72）。作为商人（AOR=0.41 [95%CI：0.02-0.85]）、目睹财产被毁（AOR=1.67 [95%CI：1.01-2.74]）、在流离失所期间经历创伤（AOR=6.00 [95%CI：2.75-13.10]）、流离失所频率（AOR=0.31 [95%CI：0.11-0.85]）、感到苦恼（AOR=5.42 [95%CI：3.25-9.05]）和失业（AOR=2.09 [95%CI：1.24-3.54]）是与 PTSD 显著相关的因素。
本研究表明境内流离失所者 PTSD 患病率较高。因此，迫切需要提供心理健康和心理社会支持，以解决已确定的因素，并帮助流离失所者避免长期可避免的痛苦。
