Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
J Pers. 2023 Dec;91(6):1395-1409. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12816. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Various personality traits have longitudinal relations with body mass index (BMI), a measure of body weight and a risk factor for numerous health concerns. We tested these associations' compatibility with causality in either direction.
Using three waves of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (N = 12,235, M = 53.33 at baseline), we tested how accurately the Five-Factor Model personality domains and their items could collectively predict BMI and change in it with elastic net models. With multilevel models, we tested (a) bidirectional and (b) within-person associations between BMI and personality traits.
The five domains were able to predict concurrent (r = 0.08), but not future BMI. Twenty-nine personality items predicted concurrent and future BMI at r = 0.21 and r = 0.16 to 0.25, respectively. Neither the domains nor items could collectively predict change in BMI. Similarly, no individual trait predicted change in BMI, but BMI predicted changes in Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and several items (|b*| = 0.03 to 0.08). BMI had within-person correlations with these same traits; time-invariant third factors like genetics or childhood environments therefore could not (fully) account for their relations.
Body weight may contribute to adults' personality development, but the reverse appears less likely.
各种人格特质与体重指数（BMI）存在纵向关系，BMI 是衡量体重的指标，也是许多健康问题的风险因素。我们检验了这些关联在两个方向上的因果关系是否一致。
我们使用威斯康星纵向研究（N=12235，基线时 M=53.33）的三个波次，使用弹性网络模型检验五因素人格模型的各个领域及其项目如何综合预测 BMI 及其变化。我们使用多层次模型检验了（a）BMI 与人格特质之间的双向和（b）个体内关联。
五个领域能够预测同期（r=0.08），但不能预测未来 BMI。29 个人格项目能够预测同期和未来 BMI，相关系数分别为 r=0.21 和 r=0.16 至 0.25。这些领域和项目都不能综合预测 BMI 的变化。同样，没有任何单个特质能够预测 BMI 的变化，但 BMI 可以预测尽责性、宜人性和几个项目的变化（|b*|=0.03 至 0.08）。BMI 与这些特质具有个体内相关性，因此遗传或儿童时期环境等时间不变的第三因素不能（完全）解释它们之间的关系。
体重可能会影响成年人的个性发展，但反之则不太可能。
