Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013 Jul;105(1):154-69. doi: 10.1037/a0032300. Epub 2013 May 27.
Although physical growth in early life is associated with the risk of somatic illnesses and psychological disorders in adulthood, few studies have focused upon the associations between growth and dimensional personality traits. We examined the associations between pre- and postnatal growth in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) and Five-Factor Model dimensions in adulthood. From the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study, 1,682 participants completed the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) at an average age of 63 years. Growth estimates were derived based on medical records. Adjusting for gestational length and sociodemographic variables, birth weight showed a quadratic association with neuroticism; participants with low birth weight scored the highest on neuroticism. Larger ponderal index at birth predicted higher agreeableness, while average ponderal index predicted higher conscientiousness. BMI and weight growth trajectories from birth to adulthood were associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness. More specifically, less BMI and weight gain between 7 and 11 years and/or between 11 years and adulthood were associated with higher conscientiousness and higher agreeableness. Height and weight growth trajectories from birth to adulthood were associated with extraversion: faster height and weight growth between birth and 6 months, slower height growth between 7 and 11 years, and faster weight gain between 11 years and adulthood were associated with higher extraversion. Openness to experience was not associated with growth. This longitudinal study supports an association between pre- and postnatal physical growth and 4 of the Five-Factor Model personality dimensions in adulthood.
虽然生命早期的身体生长与成年后患躯体疾病和心理障碍的风险有关，但很少有研究关注生长与多维人格特质之间的关系。我们研究了身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）的产前和产后生长与成年期五因素模型维度之间的关系。在赫尔辛基出生队列研究中，1682 名参与者在平均年龄为 63 岁时完成了大五人格问卷（NEO-PI）。生长估计值是根据医疗记录得出的。在校正了胎龄和社会人口统计学变量后，出生体重与神经质呈二次关联；出生体重低的参与者神经质得分最高。出生时较大的体质量指数与宜人性呈正相关，而平均体质量指数与尽责性呈正相关。从出生到成年的 BMI 和体重增长轨迹与宜人性和尽责性有关。具体来说，7 至 11 岁和/或 11 岁至成年期间 BMI 和体重增加较少与尽责性和宜人性较高有关。从出生到成年的身高和体重增长轨迹与外向性有关：出生到 6 个月之间身高和体重增长较快，7 至 11 岁之间身高增长较慢，11 岁至成年期间体重增加较快与外向性较高有关。开放性与生长无关。这项纵向研究支持了生命早期和后期身体生长与成年期五因素模型的 4 个维度之间的关系。
