Hassan Noha M F, Sedky Doaa, Ezz Nadia M T Abu El, Shanawany Eman E El
Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12622, 133 El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Vet World. 2022 Dec;15(12):2830-2835. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2830-2835. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Nasal myiasis is a serious parasitic disease among camels caused by larvae that negatively affect animal health and production globally. The diagnosis of the infestation relies on postmortem examination of the head region, which considers a cause impeding treatment of live animals and may be misdiagnosed as central nervous system disorders. This study aimed to identify the most diagnostic larval antigen with the capacity for monitoring infestation, and to estimate the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels in Egypt, using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Three hundred and six male camels of Egyptian and Sudanese breeds, aged 2-5 years, were clinically evaluated for respiratory and/or nervous disorders in Cairo Governorate, Egypt. At the time of slaughter, blood samples were collected from all examined animals. The postmortem examination of 38 animals was conducted. Salivary glands, hemolymph, and somatic antigens were extracted from the second and third larval instars.
The results revealed that the salivary gland antigen was the most potent antigen in detecting specific total IgG antibodies compared to haemolymph and crude somatic antigens. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves and area under the curve, the salivary gland antigen had a sensitivity of 91.67% and a specificity of 92.31%, respectively. It has the highest positive predictive value, 95.7%, and negative predictive value, 85.7%. However, using somatic and hemolymph antigens revealed a sensitivity of 79.17% and 70.83% and a specificity of 76.9% and 84.6%, respectively. There was complete concordance between ELISA results and autopsy findings (true positive). One hundred and forty out of 306 (45.8%) camel serum samples were found to contain .
This study demonstrated that salivary gland antigen is more effective than somatic and hemolymph antigens in accurately detecting nasal myiasis in camels. In addition, determining the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis with the salivary gland antigen through indirect ELISA revealed that it is a prevalent disease among camels in Egypt. Periodic surveillance of the prevalence is necessary for effective management and control measures.
鼻蝇蛆病是骆驼中一种严重的寄生虫病，由幼虫引起，在全球范围内对动物健康和生产产生负面影响。该病的诊断依赖于头部区域的尸检，这被认为是阻碍对活体动物进行治疗的一个因素，并且可能被误诊为中枢神经系统疾病。本研究旨在鉴定具有监测感染能力的最具诊断性的幼虫抗原，并使用间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法估计埃及骆驼鼻蝇蛆病的血清流行率。
对埃及开罗省306头年龄在2至5岁的埃及和苏丹品种雄性骆驼进行临床评估，检查其呼吸和/或神经紊乱情况。屠宰时，从所有检查的动物身上采集血样。对38只动物进行了尸检。从第二和第三龄幼虫中提取唾液腺、血淋巴和体细胞抗原。
结果显示，与血淋巴和粗体细胞抗原相比，唾液腺抗原在检测特异性总IgG抗体方面是最有效的抗原。利用受试者工作特征曲线和曲线下面积，唾液腺抗原的敏感性分别为91.67%，特异性为92.31%。它具有最高的阳性预测值，即95.7%，以及阴性预测值，即85.7%。然而，使用体细胞和血淋巴抗原时，敏感性分别为79.17%和70.83%，特异性分别为76.9%和84.6%。ELISA结果与尸检结果完全一致（真阳性）。在306份骆驼血清样本中，有140份（45.8%）被发现含有……
本研究表明，唾液腺抗原在准确检测骆驼鼻蝇蛆病方面比体细胞和血淋巴抗原更有效。此外，通过间接ELISA法用唾液腺抗原测定鼻蝇蛆病的血清流行率表明，该病在埃及骆驼中很普遍。对该病流行率进行定期监测对于有效的管理和控制措施是必要的。
