Essa Israa M, Al-Saadi Mohammed H, Amanah Akram M, Abd Monyer Abdulamier, Ali Mansour J
Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq.
Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.
Open Vet J. 2024 Nov;14(11):2995-3003. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.28. Epub 2024 Nov 30.
is one of the most important parasites, which infests the upper respiratory tract of camels leading to deteriorating health effects, substantial economic losses, and even death.
This study aimed to detect the prevalence rate of in slaughtered camels, determining its morphology using the electron microscope, and confirming its species by molecular phylogeny.
A total of 200 slaughtered camels at different areas in Al Muthanna province (Iraq) were inspected visually to collect the parasite samples that were identified initially based on their morphological characteristics. To confirm the parasite species, molecular phylogeny was conducted targeting the COX1 gene.
An overall 19.5% of study camels were found infested with . Based on light and electron microscopes, the larval stage of was shown numerous posterior spiracular pores, cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton, abdominal segments, spinulation in anterior ventral portion, no spines on the final segment of abdomen, and rounded dorsal surface. Dorsoventrally, a slender and flattened shape with the presence of 12 segments as well as widely separated antennal lobes and obligate mouth hooks were seen. Molecularly, all the tested samples were found positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, some positive PCR products were sequenced, and reported in the NCBI-GenBank under the access numbers OP218846, OP218847, and OP218845, OP218839, OP218840, OP218841, OP218842, OP218843, and OP218844. Sequence analysis revealed the obvious identity between the local isolates and the global NCBI-GenBank Iran isolate (MW136151.1).
This study described precisely the morphology of using the light and electron microscopes suggesting its role in appropriate identification and classification. Molecular examination demonstrated the importance of COX1 gene in the identification of and sequencing of the local isolates; however, additional molecular phylogenetic studies are needed to establish the evolutionary relationships among the oestrid group of insects with specialized habits and habitats.
[寄生虫名称]是最重要的寄生虫之一，它寄生于骆驼的上呼吸道，导致健康状况恶化、巨大的经济损失甚至死亡。
本研究旨在检测屠宰骆驼中[寄生虫名称]的感染率，利用电子显微镜确定其形态，并通过分子系统发育学确认其种类。
对伊拉克穆萨纳省不同地区的200头屠宰骆驼进行了肉眼检查，以收集寄生虫样本，这些样本最初根据其形态特征进行识别。为了确认寄生虫种类，针对COX1基因进行了分子系统发育分析。
总体上，19.5%的研究骆驼被发现感染了[寄生虫名称]。基于光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察，[寄生虫名称]的幼虫阶段显示出许多后气门孔、头咽骨架、腹部节段、腹前部有小刺、腹部最后一节无刺以及圆形的背面。从背腹面看，呈细长扁平状，有12节，触角叶广泛分开，有专性口钩。在分子层面，所有测试样本通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测均呈阳性。此外，对一些阳性PCR产物进行了测序，并以登录号OP218846、OP218847以及OP218845、OP218839、OP218840、OP218841、OP218842、OP218843和OP218844提交至NCBI基因库。序列分析显示本地分离株与全球NCBI基因库中的伊朗分离株（MW136151.1）具有明显的同一性。
本研究利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜精确描述了[寄生虫名称]的形态，表明其在准确识别和分类中的作用。分子检测证明了COX1基因在[寄生虫名称]鉴定和本地分离株测序中的重要性；然而，需要更多的分子系统发育研究来建立具有特殊习性和栖息地的狂蝇科昆虫群体之间的进化关系。
