Al-Sabi Mohammad Nafi Solaiman, Almohammed Hams, Alghatam Fatema, Alhafiz Ghadeer, Al-Jabr Omar, Meligy Ahmed M A
Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Vet World. 2024 Oct;17(10):2322-2328. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.2322-2328. Epub 2024 Oct 17.
Understanding the developmental conditions of larvae and their effect on the success of pupation and adult emergence can help prevent and control this disease in camels. Incubating larvae requires optimized conditions that have not been adequately reported in the literature. This study aimed to optimize conditions for harvesting adult flies from third-stage larvae (L3).
L3 collected from naturally infested camels was washed in sterile saline, weighed, and placed in vials containing local sand. The vials were covered with gauze and incubated at 30°C-36°C with 60%-62% relative humidity in an environmental chamber.
A minimum critical weight of 754 mg per larva was found to be essential for the successful eclosion of the adults, regardless of the sex of the emerged flies. The pupariation period lasted 1-8 days (d) and took 5-13 days. Most incubated L3 formed puparia, but most failed to emerge as adults. The success rate of eclosion was 37.1%. The hatched adults survived for up to 18 days, and the females survived longer (12 d; 6-18) than the males (8.1 d; 3-16).
The higher eclosion success tendency of certain sand types might be influenced by the sand's physical and/or chemical characteristics. The current conditions resemble those during the hot seasons and are suitable for harvesting viable adults of from L3.
了解骆驼幼虫的发育条件及其对化蛹和羽化成功的影响，有助于预防和控制骆驼的这种疾病。孵化幼虫需要优化的条件，而相关文献对此报道不足。本研究旨在优化从第三期幼虫（L3）收获成年苍蝇的条件。
从自然感染的骆驼身上收集的L3在无菌盐水中冲洗、称重，然后放入装有当地沙子的小瓶中。小瓶用纱布覆盖，在环境箱中于30°C - 36°C、相对湿度60% - 62%的条件下孵育。
发现每只幼虫最低临界重量754毫克对于成虫成功羽化至关重要，无论羽化出的苍蝇性别如何。化蛹期持续1 - 8天，羽化需要5 - 13天。大多数孵育的L3形成了蛹，但大多数未能羽化为成虫。羽化成功率为37.1%。孵化出的成虫存活长达18天，雌性存活时间更长（12天；6 - 18天），而雄性为（8.1天；3 - 16天）。
某些沙子类型较高的羽化成功趋势可能受沙子物理和/或化学特性的影响。当前条件类似于炎热季节的条件，适合从L3收获有活力的成虫。
