Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2023 Dec;76(12):2680-2689. doi: 10.1177/17470218231156022. Epub 2023 Feb 22.
Field-independent and field-dependent individuals have different reference patterns and cognitive processing preferences. Field-independent individuals tend to rely on internal capabilities and use internal references to process information, while field-dependent individuals mainly rely on external references and focus on external information. Individuals with two cognitive styles have different attention patterns to perform time-based prospective memory (TBPM) tasks, with different effects on their TBPM performance. This study explored the influence of field-independent and field-dependent cognitive styles on TBPM. In Experiment 1, the attention load was manipulated by the difficulty of the ongoing task. The results showed that the field-independent individuals performed better than the field-dependent individuals only under a low-difficulty condition, indicating that the field-independent individuals had advantages in TBPM but were easily affected by the attention load. Experiment 2 further introduced external reminders to provide individuals with more external information and reduce individual attention consumption in internal time information processing to manipulate attention load. The results showed that external cues eliminated the difference between field-independent and field-dependent individuals in TBPM.
场独立型和场依存型个体具有不同的参照模式和认知加工偏好。场独立型个体倾向于依赖内部能力，并使用内部参照来处理信息，而场依存型个体主要依赖外部参照，并关注外部信息。具有两种认知风格的个体在执行基于时间的前瞻性记忆 (TBPM) 任务时具有不同的注意力模式，对其 TBPM 表现有不同的影响。本研究探讨了场独立型和场依存型认知风格对 TBPM 的影响。在实验 1 中，通过正在进行的任务的难度来操纵注意负荷。结果表明，只有在低难度条件下，场独立型个体的表现才优于场依存型个体，这表明场独立型个体在 TBPM 中具有优势，但容易受到注意负荷的影响。实验 2 进一步引入外部提示，为个体提供更多的外部信息，并减少个体在内部时间信息处理中的注意力消耗，以操纵注意负荷。结果表明，外部线索消除了 TBPM 中场独立型和场依存型个体之间的差异。
