Kupsová Blanka, Pavlík Vladimír, Horáček Jan M, Šafka Václav, Lašák Petr, Fajfrová Jana, Husárová Michaela, Boušová Karin, Tuček Milan
Department of Military Internal Medicine and Military Hygiene, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Administration Activities Department, Section of Military Health Care, Ministry of Defence, Prague, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2022 Dec;30(4):235-240. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a7235.
The article deals with occupational health protection and identification of health risks in the work environment of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of the Czech Republic (CR). It focuses on the assessment of the incidence of occupational diseases (OD) in high-risk and risk-free occupational categories in the years 2010-2019 and compares them with data from the civilian sector. It identifies the differences between military staff and civilian employees of the MoD.
From the records of OD at the Department of Occupational Diseases of the Central Military Hospital in Prague, the data on acknowledged OD from the years 2010 to 2019 were obtained and then a retrospective analysis focusing on the classification of work at risk was performed. The obtained data were compared with the data from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases (NROD), which are published annually by the National Institute of Public Health.
In the years under review, 191 OD were confirmed at the area of MoD, 26% of all OD occurred in employees classified in the occupational risk category. Compared with the data in the NROD, where 50% of OD were found to have been caused by high-risk work, the incidence of OD caused by high-risk work in professional soldiers is lower. Only 1.6% of all OD occurred in professional soldiers whose work was classified as high-risk one. In civilian employees of MoD 24.6% of all OD were connected with high-risk work. On the contrary, the proportion of OD occurring in professional soldiers working in risk-free categories was 57.6%, in civilian employees of MoD was the ratio much lower - 16.2%.
Work at the Ministry of Defence was not adequately categorized, therefore, in 2020 a new categorization of work was introduced, which together with preventive measures could contribute to reducing the incidence of OD at the Ministry of Defence.
本文探讨捷克共和国国防部工作环境中的职业健康保护及健康风险识别。重点评估2010 - 2019年高风险和无风险职业类别中职业病的发病率，并与民用部门的数据进行比较。识别国防部军事人员与文职雇员之间的差异。
从布拉格中央军事医院职业病科的职业病记录中获取2010年至2019年确诊的职业病数据，然后对有风险工作的分类进行回顾性分析。将所得数据与捷克国家职业病登记处（NROD）的数据进行比较，该数据由国家公共卫生研究所每年公布。
在审查期间，国防部区域共确诊191例职业病，其中26%发生在被归类为职业风险类别的员工中。与NROD中50%的职业病由高风险工作导致的数据相比，职业士兵中由高风险工作导致的职业病发病率较低。所有职业病中只有1.6%发生在工作被归类为高风险的职业士兵身上。在国防部文职雇员中，所有职业病的24.6%与高风险工作有关。相反，从事无风险类工作的职业士兵中发生职业病的比例为57.6%，在国防部文职雇员中这一比例要低得多，为16.2%。
国防部的工作分类不够充分，因此在2020年引入了新的工作分类，这与预防措施一起有助于降低国防部的职业病发病率。
