Li Jiarui, Wu Xuan, Fu Yu, Nie Hao, Tang Zhouping
Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China.
Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China.
Rev Neurosci. 2023 Feb 1;34(5):559-572. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0127. Print 2023 Jul 26.
Two-photon microscopy (TPM) plays an important role in the study of the changes of the two important components of neurovascular units (NVU) - neurons and blood vessels after ischemic stroke (IS). IS refers to sudden neurological dysfunction caused by focal cerebral ischemia, which is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. TPM is a new and rapidly developing high-resolution real-time imaging technique used that has attracted increasing attention from scientists in the neuroscience field. Neurons and blood vessels are important components of neurovascular units, and they undergo great changes after IS to respond to and compensate for ischemic injury. Here, we introduce the characteristics and pre-imaging preparations of TPM, and review the common methods and latest progress of TPM in the neuronal and vascular research for injury and recovery of IS in recent years. With the review, we clearly recognized that the most important advantage of TPM in the study of ischemic stroke is the ability to perform chronic longitudinal imaging of different tissues at a high resolution . Finally, we discuss the limitations of TPM and the technological advances in recent years.
双光子显微镜（TPM）在研究缺血性中风（IS）后神经血管单元（NVU）的两个重要组成部分——神经元和血管的变化中发挥着重要作用。IS是指由局灶性脑缺血引起的突发性神经功能障碍，是全球范围内死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。TPM是一种新兴且快速发展的高分辨率实时成像技术，已引起神经科学领域科学家越来越多的关注。神经元和血管是神经血管单元的重要组成部分，IS后它们会发生巨大变化以应对和补偿缺血性损伤。在此，我们介绍TPM的特点和成像前准备，并综述近年来TPM在IS损伤和恢复的神经元及血管研究中的常用方法和最新进展。通过综述，我们清楚地认识到TPM在缺血性中风研究中最重要的优势是能够对不同组织进行高分辨率的慢性纵向成像。最后，我们讨论了TPM的局限性以及近年来的技术进步。
