Çıtar Dazıroğlu Merve Esra, Acar Tek Nilüfer
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2023 Mar;12(1):191-202. doi: 10.1007/s13668-023-00451-6. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is common in women of reproductive age worldwide, is a syndrome that reduces the lifelong quality of life and poses a significant risk for various diseases. PCOS is a combination of symptoms of hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). In PCOS, which is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, some inflammatory cytokines are increased. This review aimed to explain possible mechanisms of inflammation in PCOS and the effects of Mediterranean diet components on reducing this inflammation.
Although the exact mechanisms of inflammation in PCOS are not yet fully known, it is stated that it is mediated by obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen concentration. This inflammatory state negatively impacts the risk of future health problems and the quality of life of PCOS. Therefore, strategies to reduce inflammation are thought to be important. Dietary adjustments have important effects in reducing this inflammation and preventing disease. At this point, the Mediterranean diet, which has been proven to have a protective effect against many diseases, draws attention. Among the components of the Mediterranean diet, especially omega-3, antioxidants and dietary fiber may contribute to the reduction of inflammation through different mechanisms. PCOS is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, which increases women's risk of health problems, both now and in the future. Reducing inflammation is therefore extremely important, and it can be achieved with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Inflammation pathways and the effect of the components of the Mediterranean diet in PCOS. AGE, advanced glycation end products; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B. Obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism may cause inflammation in PCOS through different mechanisms. Antioxidants, omega-3, and dietary fiber, which are the main components of the Mediterranean diet, may be effective in reducing this inflammation in PCOS. (Created with BioRender.com).
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）在全球育龄女性中很常见，是一种会降低生活质量并对多种疾病构成重大风险的综合征。PCOS是高雄激素血症、少排卵或无排卵以及多囊卵巢形态（PCOM）等症状的组合。在以慢性低度炎症为特征的PCOS中，一些炎症细胞因子会增加。本综述旨在解释PCOS中炎症的可能机制以及地中海饮食成分对减轻这种炎症的作用。
虽然PCOS中炎症的确切机制尚未完全明确，但据指出它是由肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素浓度介导的。这种炎症状态会对PCOS未来的健康问题风险和生活质量产生负面影响。因此，减轻炎症的策略被认为很重要。饮食调整在减轻这种炎症和预防疾病方面具有重要作用。在这一点上，已被证明对多种疾病有保护作用的地中海饮食引起了关注。在地中海饮食的成分中，尤其是ω-3脂肪酸、抗氧化剂和膳食纤维可能通过不同机制有助于减轻炎症。PCOS以慢性低度炎症为特征，这会增加女性现在和未来出现健康问题的风险。因此，减轻炎症极其重要，而坚持地中海饮食可以实现这一点。PCOS中的炎症途径以及地中海饮食成分的作用。AGE，晚期糖基化终产物；NF-κB，核因子κB。肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症可能通过不同机制导致PCOS中的炎症。地中海饮食的主要成分抗氧化剂、ω-3脂肪酸和膳食纤维可能对减轻PCOS中的这种炎症有效。（由BioRender.com创建）
