Department of Medical Laboratories, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2023;23(12):1104-1122. doi: 10.2174/1568026623666230201145909.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in the progression and resistance of tumors to different anticancer drugs. TAMs can modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) in favor of immune system exhaustion. The interactions of TAMs with TME can affect the function of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. Furthermore, TAMs can induce cancer cell proliferation by releasing some growth factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. TAMs have several positive cross-talks with other immune suppressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), cancerassociated fibroblasts (CAFs), and cancer cells, leading to the release of growth factors, the proliferation of cancer cells and tumor growth. These interactions also can induce invasion and migration of cancer cells, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The inhibition of TAMs is an intriguing strategy for overcoming tumor resistance and suppression of cancer cells. Some natural-derived agents such as melatonin, curcumin, resveratrol, apigenin, and other flavonoids have shown the ability to modulate TME, including TAMs. These adjuvants may be able to boost antitumor immunity through the modulation of TAMs. This review explains the modulatory effects of some well-known naturally derived agents on the activity of TAMs. The modulation of TAMs by these agents may be useful in suppressing tumor growth and invasion.
肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）在肿瘤对不同抗癌药物的进展和耐药中起着关键作用。TAMs 可以调节肿瘤微环境（TME），有利于免疫系统衰竭。TAMs 与 TME 的相互作用会影响细胞毒性 CD8+T 淋巴细胞（CTLs）和自然杀伤（NK）细胞的功能。此外，TAMs 可以通过释放一些生长因子（如转化生长因子-β（TGF-β））来诱导癌细胞增殖。TAMs 与其他免疫抑制细胞（如调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）、髓系来源的抑制细胞（MDSCs）、癌相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）和癌细胞）之间存在几种正相互作用，导致生长因子释放、癌细胞增殖和肿瘤生长。这些相互作用还可以诱导癌细胞的侵袭和迁移、血管生成和转移。抑制 TAMs 是克服肿瘤耐药和抑制癌细胞的一种有趣策略。一些天然衍生的药物，如褪黑素、姜黄素、白藜芦醇、芹菜素和其他类黄酮，已经显示出调节 TME，包括 TAMs 的能力。这些佐剂可能能够通过调节 TAMs 来增强抗肿瘤免疫。本文综述了一些著名的天然衍生药物对 TAMs 活性的调节作用。这些药物对 TAMs 的调节可能有助于抑制肿瘤生长和侵袭。
