Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France.
Cedre, 715 Rue Alain Colas, 29200 Brest, France.
J Appl Microbiol. 2023 Feb 16;134(2). doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxac070.
To investigate fungal diversity and biosurfactant-producing fungi in four oil-contaminated sites.
Water and sediment samples were collected from four sites in Brittany (France), over two periods, in winter/spring and summer. Fungal diversity was investigated using a metagenetic approach targeting the ITS2 region. Surface-active compound production of 701 fungal isolates collected from these samples after direct plating or following enrichment was assessed using oil spreading and Parafilm M tests. Fungal communities were highly diverse and the main dominant fungal taxa were members of the Cladosporium, Penicillium, Pseudeurotium, Phoma, Aspergillus, and Trichoderma as well as Ochroconis, Fusicolla, and Aureobasidium genera in specific sites. A total of 179 isolates (25.5% of total isolates) were positive to at least one of the screening tests, while 105 were positive to both tests. Major genera among the positive isolates were Fusarium, Trichoderma, Candida, and Penicillium. Six isolates belonging to Aureobasidium pullulans, Mucor griseocyanus, Trichoderma citrinoviride, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichodermalongibrachiatum, and Diaporthe eres showed promising activities.
The present study highlighted the fungal diversity of oil-contaminated environments and the fact that surface-active compound production is widespread in fungi originating from these habitats.
研究四个受石油污染地点的真菌多样性和生物表面活性剂产生真菌。
在冬季/春季和夏季，从法国布列塔尼的四个地点采集水和沉积物样本。使用针对 ITS2 区域的宏基因组学方法研究真菌多样性。通过油扩散和 Parafilm M 测试评估从这些样品中直接平板或富集后收集的 701 个真菌分离物的表面活性化合物产生情况。真菌群落高度多样化，主要优势真菌类群是属于节孢属、青霉属、拟青霉属、茎点霉属、曲霉属和木霉属的成员，以及在特定地点的 Ochroconis、Fusicolla 和金孢子菌属。共有 179 个分离物（总分离物的 25.5%）对至少一种筛选试验呈阳性，而 105 个分离物对两种试验均呈阳性。阳性分离物中的主要属为镰刀菌属、木霉属、假丝酵母属和青霉属。属于金孢子菌属、灰绿青霉、桔青霉、哈茨木霉、长柄木霉和大茎点霉的 6 个分离物表现出有希望的活性。
本研究强调了受石油污染环境中的真菌多样性以及这些生境来源的真菌中广泛存在表面活性化合物产生的事实。
